Encyclopedias

Essays by subject experts treat concepts and doctrines, policymaking, commerce and science, human rights and arms control, with specific articles on topics ranging from anti-imperialism to environmental diplomacy, from refugee policies to terrorism and countermeasures. Also includes a chronology. Included as part of the Gale Virtual Reference Library.

2002 edition

Written by experts for a general audience, articles cover topics such as biology, medicine, economics, law, psychology, sociology, and history as they relate to aging. Illustrated with photos, graphs, and line drawings. Included as part of Gale Virtual Reference Library.

2002 edition

The classic comprehensive English-language reference source for Western philosophy, updated and expanded to cover all philosophy worldwide. Contains more than 2,100 entries and features about 1,000 biographical entries on major figures in philosophical thought. Included as part of the Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Second Edition of 2005.

Concise articles on noteworthy people in all walks of life from the British Isles and their connections overseas, from the earliest times to the end of the year 2000. No living person is included: the Dictionary’s articles are confined to people who died before 31 December 2000. Also includes "themes"--essays on groups, clubs, sets, and gangs in British history, linked to articles on their individual members.  Please note:  access is limited to one user at a time.  If your access is blocked, please try again later.  When you are done, please logout to free up the access for another user.

Current edition.

The electronic version of the Encyclopaedia of Islam contains the entire text of volumes I to XI and Supplement (Volume XII) of the monumental printed edition. Additional search facilities, enhanced by the inclusion of two original indices (Index of Proper Names, Index of Subjects) and the Supplement enable the user to efficiently search and combine data from a vast corpus of over 12,000 printed pages. The Encyclopaedia also permits searching in both English and Arabic transcription.

New edition begun in 1954

This new edition of the classic reference work includes articles that range from clear, concise definitions of musical ideas and terms to extended surveys of musical forms and styles, with specialist coverage of virtually every musical subject. It places music in its social and cultural context, with a range of new entries on topics such as politics, religion, psychology, and computers. The book covers current research in and approaches to music, including analysis, theory, ethnomusicology, and performance practice. All varieties of musical forms are convered, including jazz, popular music, and dance.

Current edition.

Includes more than 2,700 signed essays ranging from 500 to 2,500 words, written by subject experts and edited to form a consistent, readable, and straightforward reference. Entries include subject-specific bibliographies and, where appropriate, photographs and textual cross-references to related essays. Included as part of the Gale Virtual Reference Library.

20th century

Provides information about major world developments from 1750 to the present, with close attention to social, economic, cultural, and political topics. Contains articles on world events; countries; organizations; regions; ethnic groups; and themes such as social history, demography, family life, politics, economics, religion, thought, education, science and technology, and culture. Peter N. Stearns, editor in chief. First published 2008.

1750-

Online version of the largest reference work published in the social and behavioral sciences. Subjects covered include: anthropology, psychology, demography, economics, education, gender studies, law, linguistics,public policy, sociology, urban planning, etc.

1st Ed.

Simultaneous searching of three premier literature resources: Contemporary Authors, Contemporary Literary Criticism Select, and Dictionary of Literary Biography. Provides in-depth information on the lives and writings of nearly 100,000 authors.

Current cumulative editions.