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Scope note: This web page supplements the information needs of students in the School of Social Work. It is not meant to be comprehensive. Please contact Library staff for additional information at social.work.library@umich.edu.
Introduction | Book, Report, Journal & Newspaper Resources | Legislative, Legal & Governmental Resources | Statistical Resources | Advocacy Organizations | Research Organizations | Other Organizations | Regional Resources | Additional Web Resources | Search Engines | Guides
List of Major Historical Policies on the Rights of the Elderly
The elderly became a powerful interest group in the twentieth century. Information on public policy and advocacy for the aged is widespread across many disciplines. In addition, policy resources include sources which present statistical data, factual information, reports on research, legislative or legal information, agency-based reports, position papers, etc., as well as professional journal articles, newspapers, and books. Typically, a combination of sources are required to completely gather various perspectives related to a certain aging policy issue, in particular: the history of the problem which resulted in the policy, the text or a description of the policy, characteristics of affected population and identification of key groups, results of the policy implementation or administration, and how social workers can advocate on issues related to the policy.
Information sources for aging policy may address such topics such as:
U-M Information Environment
The University of Michigan Information Environment is a complex but rich one. It helps to keep in mind several principles:
Basic Concepts
Understanding these basic concepts will help you navigate in most electronic resources, including the library catalog.
| Connector |
Result |
Use |
|---|---|---|
grandparents and poverty |
Will retrieve all records that have all words (grandparents and poverty) in them. | Used to narrow your search. Will always result in less records. |
grandmothers or grandfathers |
Will retrieve all records that have either grandparents or grandfathers in them. | Used most frequently to search for words that are synonyms. |
grandparents and poverty not rural |
Will retrieve all records with grandparents and poverty but will take out any records with rural in them. | Used to take out words that are irrelevant to your search. |
| Mirlyn (catalog) About | Quick Tips |
WorldCat  via: FirstSearch About |
| LexisNexis
Academic-- Newspapers About | Quick Guide | Guide to search newspapers |
NewsBanks
Access World News (New York Times (2000- ), Detroit Free Press (1982- ), Detroit News (1999- ), Chicago Tribune (1985- ), The Times (London), etc. About |
| ProQuest
Historical Newspapers 1851 - 2001 (Varies by title) Guide to ProQuest. (New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Los
Angeles Times, Washington Post, and the Christian Science Monitor) |
AGELINE AgeLine Database at AARP |
| Social
Work Abstracts via: EBSCO About |
Social
Services Abstracts  via: CSA Illumina About |
| Family & Society
Studies Worldwide via: EBSCO About |
PsycINFO |
| Sociological
Abstracts via: CSA Illumina About | Guide |
Public
Affairs International Service (PAIS) About |
| MEDLINE via: UM-MedSearch About | Guide |
CINAHL via: EBSCO About |
|
via: EBSCO |
| Legislative, Legal, & Governmental Resources: |
LexisNexis Congressional See section on LexisNexis Congressional beginning with http://www.lib.umich.edu/socwork/rescue/pg10.html |
LexisNexis Academic About |Quick Guide Click on Legal Tab |
GPO Access : Legislative, Executive, and Judicial |
LexisNexis State Capital About | Quick Guide |
| Green Book About |
General Accounting Office (GAO) Reports About |
| Thomas: Legislative Information on the Internet About |
CQ (Congressional Quarterly) Weekly Report Congressional Quarterly (CQ) Researcher Online Plus Archives |
| Findlaw Internet Legal Resources About |
|
| U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services About |
Michigan Legislative Information Web |
| National Institute on Aging About |
Administration on Aging About |
| Social Security Administration Legislation |
Medicare About |
| U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging Publishes materials of assistance to those interested in public policies that relate to the elderly. |
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) (Formerly Health Care Financing Administration Law & Regulations) About |
Small Business Administration (SBA) |
Congressional Budget Office About |
| Congressional Research Service (CRS) is the non-partisan public policy research arm of the United States Congress. Each year CRS produces almost 1,000 new products, and over 4,000 updated or revised reports, however only a small number of these are made available to the public on the Internet. Although CRS does maintain an intranet for CRS reports (CRS Web) this network is only accessible by members of Congress, Congressional committees, and CRS sister agencies (e.g. GAO). Members of the public requiring access to these reports have traditionally had to ask their Representative in Congress for paper copies to be mailed to them or have had to purchase them through a third party. Some Congressional Research Service Reports are available at: Open CRS Search engine for major collections of Congressional Research Service reports Memory Hole Numerous 1990s CRS reports formerly hosted by Christopher Shays and Mark Green |
|
| Advocacy Organizations : |
| Research Organizations: |
| Michigan eLibrary -- Michigan | LexisNexis State Capital About | Connect | Guide |
| Michigan Access to Services for Seniors |
Ohio Association of Area Agencies on Aging About |
| Michigan Administrative Code | Ohio Administrative Code |
| Michigan Department of Community Health | Ohio Department of Mental Health |
| A Citizen's Guide to State Government (PDF) Guide provided by the Michigan Legislature |
How a Bill Becomes Law in Ohio Flowchart provided by the Ohio General Assembly |
| Additional Web Resources: |
| The Resource Directory for Older People (from the Administration on Aging) |
Politics of Aging: Government Agencies and the Aging Network |
| Michigan eLibrary -- Aging | Milbank Quarterly (from the Milbank Memorial Fund) |
| SpeakOut.com | HHS Programs and Initiatives for an Aging America (from the Dept. of Health & Human Services) |
| Selected Bibliography of Gerontology Resources in the Social Work Library |
Nursing Home Compare (detailed information about the past performance of every Medicare and Medicaid certified nursing home in the country at the Medicare site) |
| Search Engines: |
| Alltheweb About |
Google About | Uncle Sam Search |
Political Information.com About |
| Public Policy Matrix Guide to finding policy information developed by Documents Center |
Brief Guide To Citing Government Publications from the University of Memphis |
| Health Care Politics from the University of Michigan Documents Center |
Think Tanks from the University of Michigan Documents Center |
| Guide to APA Editorial Style for References Citation guide developed by Social Work Library |
Current Journals (social work) |
| Major Historical Policies: With links to full-text public laws at THOMAS from the 93rd Congress (1973-). For earlier Public Laws, visit the Documents Center on the second floor of the Graduate Library. (Many entries were originally published on the Administration on Aging Web Site). |
| 1920 The Civil Service Retirement Act provided a retirement system for many governmental employees |
| 1935 The Social Security Act passed; provides for Old Age Assistance and Old Age Survivors Insurance |
|
| 1937 Railroad Retirement Act provided pensions for retired railroad employees and spouses |
| 1950 President Truman initiated the first National Conference on Aging, sponsored by the Federal Security Agency |
| 1950 Amendments to assist states with health care costs |
| 1950 Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled (replaced by SSI) |
| 1952 First federal funds appropriated for social service programs for older persons under the Social Security Act |
| 1956 Special Staff on Aging established within the Office of the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, to coordinate responsibilities for aging |
| 1956 Creation of the Federal Council on Aging by President Eisenhower |
| 1958 Legislation introduced in Congress, calling for a White House Conference on Aging |
| 1959 Section 202 Direct Loan Program of the Housing Act 1959 Housing act authorized a direct loan program for non-profit rental projects, for the elderly at low interests rates, and lowered eligibility ages for public-low-rent housing, for low-income women to age 62. |
| 1960 Extension of Social Security Benefits. Social Security Administration eliminated age 50 as minimum for qualifying for disability benefits, and liberalized the retirement test and the requirement for fully insured status. |
| 1961 Senate Special Committee on Aging |
| 1961 First White House Conference on Aging held in Washington, D.C. |
| 1961 Social Security Amendments. Lowered the retirement age for men from 65 to 62, liberalized the retirement test, and increased minimum benefits and benefits to aged widows. |
| 1962 Legislation introduced in Congress, to establish an independent and permanent Commission on Aging |
1965 Medicare and Medicaid |
| 1965 Older Americans Act, July 14, 1965. It established the Administration on Aging (AoA) within the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) and created State Units on Aging (SUA). For overview, layman’s guide and navigation of documents, see Administration on Aging. |
| 1967 Older Americans Act. Extended for two years and provisions made for the Administration on Aging to study the personnel needs in the aging field. |
| 1967 Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). [Covered no one over 65]. |
| 1967 Administration on Aging. Moved from the Office of the Secretary of HEW and placed in the newly created Social and Rehabilitative Service Agency within the Department. |
| 1969 Older Americans Act amendments. "National Older Americans Volunteer Program" authorizing the Foster Grandparent Program. |
| 1971 Second White House Conference on Aging |
| 1972 "Nutrition Program for the Elderly Act". A new Title VII is created under the Older Americans Act authorizing funds for a national nutrition program for the elderly. |
| 1972 & 1977 Social Security amendments (Public Law 92-603) |
|
| 1973 Older Americans Act Comprehensive Services Amendments. Establishment of Area Agencies on Aging (AAA). Grants to local community agencies for multi-purpose senior centers and creation of the Community Service Employment grant program for low-income persons age 55 and older. See Public Laws, 93rd Congress: PL 93-29 (5/3/73) |
| 1974 Older Americans Act amendments. A bill to amend title VII of the Older Americans Act relating to the nutrition program for the elderly to provide authorization of appropriations, and for other purposes. See Public Laws, 93rd Congress: PL 93-351 (7/12/74). |
| 1975 Older Americans Act amendments (ADA). Authorizes appropriations for programs under the Older Americans Act of 1965 for fiscal years 1976, 1977, 1978, and 1979. Extended existing programs and establishment of four national priority services (transportation, home services, legal/other counseling services, and residential repair/renovation programs. Services to Native-American elders. See Public Laws, 94th Congress, PL 94-135 (11/28/75) |
| 1974 Research on Aging Act. A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the establishment of a National Institute on Aging. See Public Laws, 93rd Congress, 93-296 (5/31/74). |
1977 Medicare-Medicaid Anti-Fraud and Abuse Amendments. A bill to strengthen the capability of the Government to detect, prosecute, and punish fraudulent activities under the medicare and Medicaid programs. See Public Laws, 95th Congress, 95-142 (10/25/77).
|
| 1978 Amendments to the Age Discrimination Employment Act A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to provide that all Federal employees described in section 15 of such Act shall be covered under the provisions of such Act regardless of their age [included people over 65 but under 70]. See Public Laws, 95th Congress, PL 95-256 (4/6/78). |
| 1981 Third White House Conference on Aging |
| 1981 Older Americans Act Amendments Amends the Older Americans Act of 1965 to: (1) authorize appropriations for specified programs; (2) eliminate other programs; and (3) revise or consolidate certain programs. See Public Laws, 97th Congress, PL 97-115 (12/29/81) |
| 1984 Older Americans Act Amendments Clarified and reaffirmed the roles of State and Area Agencies on Aging in coordinating community-based services, and in maintaining accountability for the funding of national priority services (legal, access, & in-home). Programs to prevent elder abuse and for health and nutrition education programs. Support services to older persons with Alzheimer's disease and their families. See Public Laws, 98th Congress, PL 98-459 (10/09/84) |
| 1987 Older Americans Act Amendments. A bill to amend the Older Americans Act of 1965 to authorize appropriations for the fiscal years 1988, 1989, 1990, and 1991, and for other purposes. Services for the frail elderly living at home; persons at risk of abuse, neglect, and low-income minority elderly. Elevation of Administration on Aging. See Public Laws, 100th Congress, PL 100-175 (11/29/87). |
| 1987 Nursing Home Reform Act (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act) Provides for nursing home reform in the areas of nurse aide training, survey and certification procedures, pre-admission screening and annual reviews for persons with mental illness. Mandated that nursing facility residents have "direct and immediate access to ombudspersons when protection and advocacy services become necessary." See Public Laws, 100th Congress, PL 100-203 (12/22/87) . |
| 1989-90 Medicare Catastrophic Health Care Legislation passed, then repealed |
| 1990 Age Discrimination in Employment Act (Older Workers Benefit Protection Act). A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to clarify the protections given to older individuals in regard to employee benefit plans, and for other purposes. See Public Laws, 101 Congress, PL: 101-433. |
| 1992 Reauthorization of the Older Americans Act. See Public Law 102 Congress, PL 102-375 (9/30/1992). |
| 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act. The act requires private employers with fifty or more employee, as well as federal, state, and local governments, to permit eligible employees leave of up to twelve weeks in any twelve-month period for the birth or adoption of a child, the serious illness of a family member or the employee's own serious health condition with guarantees of job security and employee benefits continuation during the leave. See Public Law 103 Congress, P.L. 103-3 (2/5/1993). |
| 1995 Fourth White House Conference on Aging |
| 2000 National Family Caregiver Support Program (Funding for 2004 is $159 million, considered a "drop in the bucket"... A few states have passed legislation. In 2002, California led the nation in passage of a paid-family-leave law. Hawaii passed a law in 2003 that allows employees to use sick leave for family leave purposes. Congress has considered various initiatives, such as a bill to provide funding for respite care, a bill to provide tax credits for caregivers and one that would give Social Security credits for people who take time off work to be caregivers.) Kornblum, J. (2004). Sons, daughters and caregivers: More and more of us are in similar straits: Attending to aging parents," Retrieved Feb. 17, 2004 from http://www.usatoday.com/usatonline/20040217/5930989s.html. |
| 2003 Medicare Prescription Drug and Modernization Act of 2003 See Public Law 102 Congress, PL 108-173 (12/8/2003) . |
Back to: Introduction | Book, Report, Journal & Newspaper Resources |
Legislative, Legal & Governmental Resources | Statistical Resources |
Advocacy Organizations | Research Organizations | Other Organizations |
Regional Resources | Additional Web Resources | Search Engines | Guides
List of Major Historical Policies on the Rights of the Elderly
Content last updated on: 3 December 2007
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