Database: MEDLINE <: biomedical, nursing & dental literature, 1966 - Oct 2000.> Search Strategy (You Saved Citations 1-300 From Set 67): ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Dental enamel/ 9363 2 Dental enamel solubility/ 782 3 exp Tooth permeability/ 758 4 ((dentin or tooth or teeth or enamel) adj3 (solubility or 545 soluble or permeability or permeable)).mp. 5 exp Dentin/ 8499 6 Dentin solubility/ 81 7 or/1-6 16434 8 exp Tooth demineralization/ 22660 9 demineralization.mp. 1623 10 caries.mp. 15313 11 caires.mp. 1 12 craies.mp. 0 13 careis.mp. 4 14 carise.mp. 0 15 (teeth adj3 cavit:).mp. 422 16 (tooth adj3 cavit:).mp. 217 17 (dental adj3 cavit:).mp. 276 18 (dentin adj3 cavit:).mp. 255 19 (enamel adj3 cavit:).mp. 182 20 (teeth adj3 decay:).mp. 377 21 (tooth adj3 decay:).mp. 323 22 (dental adj3 decay:).mp. 250 23 (dentin adj3 decay:).mp. 12 24 (enamel adj3 decay:).mp. 20 25 (active adj decay).mp. 9 26 (rampant adj3 decay:).mp. 14 27 (recurrent adj3 decay:).mp. 30 28 (white adj spot:).mp. 510 29 carious.mp. 2082 30 cariology.ti,ab. 56 31 (non-cavitated adj3 lesion:).mp. 15 32 (noncavitated adj3 lesion:).mp. 2 33 Tooth remineralization/ 479 34 (dental adj3 fissure:).mp. 99 35 (tooth adj3 fissure:).mp. 50 36 (teeth adj3 fissure:).mp. 98 37 caries-free.mp. 605 38 cariesfree.mp. 17 39 Cariogenic agents/ 728 40 precavit:.mp. 8 41 (filled adj3 teeth).mp. 512 42 (filled adj3 tooth).mp. 117 43 (oral adj fissure:).mp. 6 44 (tooth adj3 remineraliz:).mp. 28 45 (teeth adj3 remineraliz:).mp. 24 46 dft.mp. 414 47 dfs.mp. 1264 48 dmf:.mp. 6403 49 cariogeni:.mp. 1788 50 or/8-49 32303 51 7 or 50 44618 52 Bone morphogenetic proteins/ 1328 53 BMP$1.mp. 2008 54 Transforming growth factor beta/ 11080 55 (osteogen: adj (protein$1 or (growth adj factor))).mp. 493 56 (bone adj morphogen: adj3 (protein$1 or (growth adj 2385 factor))).mp. 57 Regeneration/ 10040 58 exp Bone remodeling/ 22500 59 ((reparat: or reaction:) adj (dentin or enamel)).mp. 125 60 exp Recombinant proteins/ 122626 61 or/52-60 166307 62 51 and 61 767 63 ("93378571" or "95260235" or "96022376").ui. 3 64 62 or 63 767 65 limit 64 to english language 661 66 limit 65 to human 363 67 63 or 66 363 68 from 67 keep 1-300 300 *************************** <1> UI - 20340521 AU - About I AU - Laurent-Maquin D AU - Lendahl U AU - Mitsiadis TA IN - Laboratoire Interface Matrice Extracellulaire Biomateriaux, Equipe d'Acceuil 2198, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France. TI - Nestin expression in embryonic and adult human teeth under normal and pathological conditions. SO - American Journal of Pathology 2000 Jul;157(1):287-95 JC - 3rs, 3RS SB - A, C CP - United States MH - Adolescence MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Animal MH - Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Dental Caries/me [Metabolism] MH - Dental Caries/pa [Pathology] MH - Dental Pulp/ch [Chemistry] MH - Dental Pulp/cy [Cytology] MH - Dental Pulp/de [Drug Effects] MH - Fetus MH - Gestational Age MH - Human MH - Immunohistochemistry MH - *Intermediate Filament Proteins/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - Intermediate Filament Proteins/de [Drug Effects] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - *Tooth/ch [Chemistry] MH - Tooth/em [Embryology] MH - Tooth/pa [Pathology] MH - Tooth Germ/ch [Chemistry] MH - Tooth Germ/em [Embryology] AB - Nestin is an intermediate filament most related to neurofilaments and expressed predominantly in the developing nervous system and muscles. In the present study we examined the in vivo distribution of nestin in human teeth during embryonic development and in permanent teeth under normal and pathological conditions. The results show that nestin is first expressed at the bell stage and that its distribution is restricted in pulpal cells located at the cusp area of the fetal teeth. In young permanent teeth, nestin is found only in functional odontoblasts, which produce the hard tissue matrix of dentin. Expression is progressively down-regulated and nestin is absent from older permanent teeth. In carious and injured teeth, nestin expression is up-regulated in a selective manner in odontoblasts surrounding the injury site, showing a link between tissue repair competence and nestin up-regulation under pathological conditions. In an in vitro assay system of human dental pulp explants, nestin is up-regulated after local application of bone morphogenic protein-4. A similar effect is seen in cultures of primary pulp cells during their differentiation into odontoblasts. Taken together, these results suggest that nestin plays a potential role in odontoblast differentiation during normal and pathological conditions and that bone morphogenic protein-4 is involved in nestin up-regulation. RN - 0 (bone morphogenetic protein 4) RN - 0 (nestin protein) RN - 0 (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins) RN - 0 (Intermediate Filament Proteins) IS - 0002-9440 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200010. Entry Week: 2000102. <2> UI - 20314570 AU - Ochs RL AU - Muro Y AU - Si Y AU - Ge H AU - Chan EK AU - Tan EM IN - W. M. Keck Autoimmune Disease Center, Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. TI - Autoantibodies to DFS 70 kd/transcription coactivator p75 in atopic dermatitis and other conditions. SO - Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology 2000 Jun;105(6 Pt 1):1211-20 JC - h53, H53 SB - A CP - United States MH - Adolescence MH - Adult MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Autoantibodies/an [Analysis] MH - Base Sequence MH - Blotting, Western MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cystitis, Interstitial/im [Immunology] MH - *Dermatitis, Atopic/im [Immunology] MH - Female MH - Human MH - IgE/im [Immunology] MH - Male MH - Microscopy, Immunoelectron MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Recombinant Proteins/ge [Genetics] MH - Recombinant Proteins/im [Immunology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MH - Trans-Activators/ge [Genetics] MH - *Trans-Activators/im [Immunology] AB - BACKGROUND: Sera of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) were found to have autoantibodies that reacted with tissue culture cell substrates in immunohistochemistry to display a characteristic pattern of nuclear distribution of dense fine speckles. The sera also recognized a 70-kd protein on Western immunoblots, and the antigen was termed dense fine speckles 70 kd (DSF70). OBJECTIVE: Because spontaneously occurring autoantibodies could be immune responses to proteins that might be participating in the disease process, it was of interest to identify the antigens driving the autoimmune antibody response. METHODS: A serum containing high-titer antibodies to DFS70 was used to immunoscreen a complementary (c)DNA expression library to isolate cDNA encoding the antigen. After the cDNA was isolated, this was used to express recombinant protein to determine the prevalence of antibody in AD and other conditions. RESULTS: Thirty percent of patients with AD were found to have antibody to recombinant DFS70 in Western immunoblots. Sixteen percent of patients with asthma and 9% of patients with interstitial cystitis had antibodies of the same specificities. The cDNA encoding DFS70 was identical to a transcription coactivator called p75, which had been shown to be required for RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. Another important finding was that IgE antibodies to DFS70 were also present in AD sera. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that a common basis for the presence of autoantibodies to DFS70 might be related to AD in asthma, interstitial cystitis, and other conditions. A possible role of this antigen-antibody system in pathogenesis remains to be demonstrated, but it appears to be a marker for a subset of patients with AD. RN - 0 (transcriptional coactivator p52) RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 0 (Trans-Activators) RN - 37341-29-0 (IgE) IS - 0091-6749 PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - DK49413 (NIDDK), AR32063 (NIAMS) EM - 200010. Entry Week: 2000102. <3> UI - 20367913 AU - About I AU - Bottero MJ AU - de Denato P AU - Camps J AU - Franquin JC AU - Mitsiadis TA IN - Laboratoire IMEB, Faculte d'Odontologie, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France. imad.about@odontologie.univ-mrs.fr TI - Human dentin production in vitro. SO - Experimental Cell Research 2000 Jul 10;258(1):33-41 JC - epb, EPB SB - C CP - United States MH - Adolescence MH - Cell Culture/mt [Methods] MH - Cells, Cultured MH - *Dental Pulp/cy [Cytology] MH - Dentin/cy [Cytology] MH - Dentin/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Dentin/ph [Physiology] MH - Glycerophosphates/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Human MH - Immunohistochemistry MH - Mesoderm/cy [Cytology] MH - Molar, Third MH - Odontoblasts/cy [Cytology] MH - Odontoblasts/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Odontoblasts/ph [Physiology] MH - Organ Culture MH - Osteoblasts/cy [Cytology] MH - Osteoblasts/ph [Physiology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB - The main hard tissues of teeth are composed of dentin and enamel, synthesized by the mesenchyme-derived odontoblasts and the epithelial-derived ameloblasts, respectively. Odontoblasts are highly differentiated post-mitotic cells secreting the organic matrix of dentin throughout the life of the animal. Pathological conditions such as carious lesions and dental injuries are often lethal to the odontoblasts, which are then replaced by other pulp cells. These cells are able to differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and produce a reparative dentin. In this study we reproduced this physiological event in an in vitro culture system using pulps of human third molars. Pulp cells cultured in presence of beta-glycerophosphate formed mineralization nodules, which grew all over the culture period. The immunohistochemical study revealed that, as odontoblasts, pulp cells contributing to the nodule formation express type I collagen, osteonectin, and nestin. By the exception of nestin, these proteins are also detected in the nodules. The composition of the nodules was also analyzed by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. The spectra obtained showed that both the organic and the mineral composition of the nodules have the characteristics of the human dentin and differ from those of enamel and bone. Taken together, these results show that both the molecular and the mineral characteristics of the human dentin matrix are respected in the in vitro culture conditions. RN - 0 (Glycerophosphates) RN - 17181-54-3 (beta-glycerophosphoric acid) IS - 0014-4827 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200010. Entry Week: 2000102. <4> UI - 20265404 AU - Nummikoski PV AU - Steffensen B AU - Hamilton K AU - Dove SB IN - Department of Dental Diagnostic Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78284, USA. nummikoski@uthscsa.edu TI - Clinical validation of a new subtraction radiography technique for periodontal bone loss detection. SO - Journal of Periodontology 2000 Apr;71(4):598-605 JC - jmt SB - D CP - United States MH - *Alveolar Bone Loss/ra [Radiography] MH - Alveolar Bone Loss/su [Surgery] MH - Alveolar Process/ra [Radiography] MH - Cephalometry MH - Comparative Study MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Human MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MH - Radiographic Image Enhancement MH - Radiography, Bitewing MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - ROC Curve MH - *Subtraction Technique MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB - BACKGROUND: Diagnostic subtraction radiography (DSR) is a new digital radiographic image subtraction method designed to enhance detection of crestal or periapical bone density changes and to help evaluate caries progression in teeth. In this clinical study, the performance of the DSR method was evaluated for its ability to detect periodontal bone loss and was compared with that of conventional evaluation of radiographs and the standardized cephalostat-guided image acquisition and subtraction technique (LRA) which served as the "gold standard." METHODS: In each of 25 subjects with alveolar crestal bone loss created by periodontal surgery, one set of DSR radiographs and one set of LRA radiographs were obtained before and after the surgery. Subtraction images were then generated by both the proprietary DSR and the LRA techniques. Four viewers evaluated the paired film sets and both subtraction image sets using a 5 point confidence scale to determine the presence or absence of crestal bone loss. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) statistical procedures were applied to analyze the diagnostic accuracy and statistical differences between the three imaging modalities. RESULTS: The DSR subtraction viewing generated an ROC area of 0.882. For 2 of the viewers this represented a statistically significant gain (P <0.05) over the conventional viewing of the radiographs which had an average ROC area of 0.730. In comparison, the LRA method achieved an area of 0.954. The differences between the LRA and the DSR subtraction methods were not statistically significant, but the statistical power for claiming equality was low ranging from 0.2 to 0.6. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the DSR technique in clinical radiographic image acquisition and subsequent subtraction analysis clearly enhanced the accuracy of alveolar crestal bone loss detection when compared to conventional film viewing. Because this methodology is less resource demanding than LRA and the film exposure techniques and computer-based image analysis skills may be acquired with only a few hours of training, the DSR has potential in clinical practice. IS - 0022-3492 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200009. Entry Week: 2000095. <5> UI - 20265403 AU - Schwartz Z AU - Lohmann CH AU - Wieland M AU - Cochran DL AU - Dean DD AU - Textor M AU - Bonewald LF AU - Boyan BD IN - Department of Orthopedics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78229-3900, USA. TI - Osteoblast proliferation and differentiation on dentin slices are modulated by pretreatment of the surface with tetracycline or osteoclasts. SO - Journal of Periodontology 2000 Apr;71(4):586-97 JC - jmt SB - D CP - United States MH - Alkaline Phosphatase/an [Analysis] MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Animal MH - Calcium/an [Analysis] MH - Cell Count MH - Cell Differentiation MH - Cell Division MH - Collagen/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Comparative Study MH - Dentin/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Dentin/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Dinoprostone/an [Analysis] MH - Electron Probe Microanalysis MH - Extracellular Matrix/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Human MH - Mice MH - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning MH - *Osteoblasts/ph [Physiology] MH - Osteocalcin/an [Analysis] MH - *Osteoclasts/ph [Physiology] MH - Osteosarcoma/pa [Pathology] MH - Phosphorus/an [Analysis] MH - *Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MH - *Tetracycline/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Transforming Growth Factor beta/an [Analysis] MH - Tumor Cells, Cultured MH - Whales AB - BACKGROUND: Implant surface roughness and chemical composition, as well as other factors, affect the ability of osteogenic cells to form bone adjacent to an implant. The same principles may also apply to the tooth root and some reports have shown that surface modification of the root may lead to improved restoration of the periodontal apparatus. The most common of these surface modification techniques involves demineralization with citric acid or treatment with tetracycline to expose collagen fibrils. In addition, during normal bone remodeling, osteoclasts demineralize the extracellular matrix, leaving resorption pits and exposed collagen fibrils. In this study, the effect of different dentin surface-preparation techniques on osteoblasts were compared. METHODS: Slices of sperm whale dentin were mechanically polished and surfaces were treated with tetracycline-HCl (TCN) or were cultured with mouse bone marrow cells to create a surface with osteoclast (OC) resorption pits or left untreated. Profilometry, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the 3 different dentin surfaces. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on the 3 different surfaces and the effect of dentin surface preparation technique on MG63 cell proliferation (cell number), differentiaton (alkaline phosphatase specific activity of isolated cells and cell layer lysates; osteocalcin production), and local factor production (transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) compared. RESULTS: Profilometry showed the polished and TCN surfaces were smooth with comparable Ra values, whereas the OC surfaces were slightly rougher due to resorption pits which covered 3.7% of the surface. XPS measurements showed that TCN treatment reduced the Ca and P content of the surface, indicating that it had dissolved the mineral. Osteoclast-resorption also reduced the Ca and P content, but to a lesser extent. MG63 cell proliferation on polished dentin and tissue culture polystyrene was equivalent. In contrast, cells grown on the TCN- and OC-treated surfaces exhibited increased proliferation. No effect of surface treatment on cell alkaline phosphatase activity was observed, but activity in the cell layer lysates was increased on the TCN- and OC-treated surfaces. Osteocalcin production was reduced on all dentin surfaces, but the greatest reduction was found on the TCN-treated surface. Production of both TGF-beta1 and PGE2 was increased on the treated surfaces. All effects were greatest in cultures grown on the TCN-treated dentin. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that demineralization of the dentin surface promotes proliferation of osteoblasts and early differentiation events like production of alkaline phosphatase and autocrine mediators such as PGE2 and TGF-beta1. However, later differentiation events like osteocalcin production are decreased. Osteoclast-mediated bone resorption elicits similar responses; less than 4% of the dentin surface resulted in approximately 75% of the response caused by TCN treatment. These observations suggest that greater attention should be paid to the effects of osteoclastic resorption in designing methods for enhancing bone and cementum formation adjacent to root surfaces. RN - EC 3-1-3-1 (Alkaline Phosphatase) RN - 0 (Protein Synthesis Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Transforming Growth Factor beta) RN - 104982-03-8 (Osteocalcin) RN - 363-24-6 (Dinoprostone) RN - 60-54-8 (Tetracycline) RN - 7440-70-2 (Calcium) RN - 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) RN - 9007-34-5 (Collagen) IS - 0022-3492 PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - AR42372 (NIAMS) EM - 200009. Entry Week: 2000095. <6> UI - 20321751 AU - Ren WH AU - Yang LJ AU - Dong SZ IN - Department of Oral Pathology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University (FMMU), Xian, P. R. China. TI - Induction of reparative dentin formation in dogs with combined recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 and fibrin sealant. SO - Chinese Journal of Dental Research 1999 Dec;2(3-4):21-4 JC - djg SB - D CP - England MH - Animal MH - *Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Dental Pulp/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Dentin, Secondary/de [Drug Effects] MH - Dentin, Secondary/gd [Growth & Development] MH - Dentinogenesis/de [Drug Effects] MH - Dogs MH - *Fibrin Tissue Adhesive/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Human MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reparative dentin formation induced by the complex of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) and fibrin sealant (FS) in dogs. METHODS: Freshly exposed pulp of molars, premolars, and canines were treated, respectively, with the complex of rhBMP2-FS, rhBMP2, and Ca(OH)2 paste, which served as control. RESULT: Wound healing of exposed pulp treated with the complex of rhBMP2 and FS seemed better than that with rhBMP2 alone. Dentin bridge formation was observed at 1 week when pulp was treated with the complex and at 4 weeks with rhBMP2 and Ca(OH)2. At 9 weeks after operation, more amount of tubular dentin bridge formation was found in pulp treated with the complex than with rhBMP2. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that synergistic effects of fibrin and rhBMP2 existed and that rh-BMP2 with FS carrier can be used as bioactive pulp capping agent. Together, these agents can induce a large amount of dentin and enhance healing of exposed pulp. RN - 0 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) RN - 0 (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins) RN - 0 (Fibrin Tissue Adhesive) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) IS - 1462-6446 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200009. Entry Week: 2000094. <7> UI - 20271411 AU - Touati G AU - Ruiz JC AU - Porquet D AU - Kindermans C AU - Prieur AM AU - Czernichow P IN - Centre d'Investigation Clinique et Service Endocrinologie-Diabetologie Pediatrique, INSERM U457, Hopital Robert Debre, Paris, France. TI - Effects on bone metabolism of one year recombinant human growth hormone administration to children with juvenile chronic arthritis undergoing chronic steroid therapy. SO - Journal of Rheumatology 2000 May;27(5):1287-93 JC - jwx, JWX CP - Canada MH - Adolescence MH - Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid/bl [Blood] MH - *Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid/dt [Drug Therapy] MH - Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid/pp [Physiopathology] MH - Biological Markers/an [Analysis] MH - *Bone and Bones/me [Metabolism] MH - Bone and Bones/pa [Pathology] MH - Bone Density/de [Drug Effects] MH - Child MH - Female MH - Human MH - Male MH - Osteocalcin/bl [Blood] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Recombinant Proteins/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Scoliosis/et [Etiology] MH - Somatropin/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - *Somatropin/tu [Therapeutic Use] AB - OBJECTIVE: To study the effects on bone metabolism of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) who are undergoing treatment with glucocorticoids (GC) and have severe bone lesions. METHODS: We assessed the effects of rhGH treatment (1.4 U/kg/week) on bone metabolism markers and bone density measured during a one year treatment course in 14 patients with systemic forms of JCA undergoing longterm GC treatment. RESULT: All patients at inclusion showed severe bone demineralization (mean bone density: -3.7 standard deviation score for chronological age). Compared to pretreatment values, bone formation markers (blood levels of osteocalcin and C-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen) and bone resorption markers (urinary hydroxyproline, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline levels) increased significantly during treatment and returned to pretreatment values after discontinuation of rhGH. We observed that plasma level of osteocalcin was the best predictive variable of growth response to rhGH treatment in these patients. CONCLUSION: The results reflect an increase in bone turnover in these patients. Despite these biochemical changes no improvement of bone density was observed during the one year treatment. Treatment of longer duration is necessary to evaluate the curative effects of GH. RN - 0 (Biological Markers) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 104982-03-8 (Osteocalcin) RN - 12629-01-5 (Somatropin) IS - 0315-162X PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200009. Entry Week: 2000093. <8> UI - 20229982 AU - Fountzilas G AU - Zisiadis A AU - Dafni U AU - Konstantaras C AU - Hatzitheoharis G AU - Papavramidis S AU - Bousoulegas A AU - Basdanis G AU - Giannoulis E AU - Dokmetzioglou J AU - Katsohis C AU - Nenopoulou E AU - Karvounis N AU - Briassoulis E AU - Aravantinos G AU - Kosmidis P AU - Skarlos D AU - Pavlidis N IN - 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Section, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece. fountzil@med.auth.gr TI - Fluorouracil and leucovorin with or without interferon alfa-2a as adjuvant treatment, in patients with high-risk colon cancer: a randomized phase III study conducted by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group. SO - Oncology 2000 Apr;58(3):227-36 JC - ohw, OHW, OHW SB - C CP - Switzerland MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Combined/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - *Antineoplastic Agents, Combined/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - *Colonic Neoplasms/dt [Drug Therapy] MH - Colonic Neoplasms/pa [Pathology] MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Female MH - Fluorouracil/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Human MH - Interferon Alfa-2a/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Interferon Alfa-2a/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - *Interferon Alfa-2a/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Leucovorin/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prognosis MH - Survival Analysis MH - Treatment Outcome AB - BACKGROUND: It has been shown in randomized studies that adjuvant treatment with the combination of fluorouracil (FU) and levamisole reduced the risk of recurrence and deaths of patients with stage III colon cancer. Pharmacological studies of FU led to its use in combination with a number of modulating agents including interferon-alpha and leucovorin (LV) that appear to enhance its activity in vitro. Furthermore, a meta-analysis suggested that the combination of FU with LV increased the response rate as compared to FU monotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of adjuvant treatment with the combination of FU and LV with or without interferon alfa-2a (IFN) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with stage II or III colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From August 1989 to July 1997, 280 patients with stage II and III colon cancer entered the study and were randomly assigned to receive either the combination of FU (600 mg/m(2)/week x 6, followed by a 2-week rest) and LV (500 mg/m(2)/week x 6 as a 2-hour infusion, followed by a 2-week rest) for 4 cycles (group A, 139 patients), or the same chemotherapy plus recombinant IFN (3 MU subcutaneously 3 times a week) for 1 year (group B, 141 patients). RESULTS: A total of 109 patients (78.9%) of group A and 119 (84.4%) of group B completed four cycles of chemotherapy. Also, 51.4% of patients of group A and 53.9% of group B received > or =80% of the planned dose of FU. One patient (group A) was found to be ineligible and was not included in the analysis. The median relative dose intensity of FU in the two groups was 0.90 and 0.85, respectively. As of August 1998, after a median follow up of 4 years, there was no significant difference in either 3-year DFS (group A, 83.1%; group B, 75.9%, p = 0.14) or OS (group A, 84.5%; group B, 80.0%, p = 0.27). In the Cox model, stage of disease, number of infiltrated nodes, tumor grade and presence of regional implants were identified as significant prognostic factors for OS. Grade 3-4 toxicities, mainly diarrhea, were observed in 26.1% of patients of group A and in 24.8% of group B. There were no treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of IFN to the combination of FU with LV postoperatively does not improve DFS and OS of patients with stage II or III colon cancer. Copyright 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel RN - 0 (Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Combined) RN - 51-21-8 (Fluorouracil) RN - 58-05-9 (Leucovorin) RN - 76543-88-9 (Interferon Alfa-2a) IS - 0030-2414 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial LG - English EM - 200009. Entry Week: 2000091. <9> UI - 20212599 AU - Kawaguchi H AU - Chikazu D AU - Nakamura K AU - Kumegawa M AU - Hakeda Y IN - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan. TI - Direct and indirect actions of fibroblast growth factor 2 on osteoclastic bone resorption in cultures. SO - Journal of Bone & Mineral Research 2000 Mar;15(3):466-73 JC - 130, 130 CP - United States MH - Acid Phosphatase/an [Analysis] MH - Animal MH - Animals, Newborn MH - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Biological Markers MH - Bone Marrow Cells/ph [Physiology] MH - Bone Resorption/me [Metabolism] MH - *Bone Resorption/pa [Pathology] MH - Calcium/me [Metabolism] MH - Cells, Cultured/de [Drug Effects] MH - Coculture MH - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Dentin/de [Drug Effects] MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Enzyme Induction/de [Drug Effects] MH - Etodolac/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Fibroblast Growth Factor, Basic/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Flurbiprofen/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Human MH - Indomethacin/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Isoenzymes/an [Analysis] MH - Isoenzymes/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - Isoenzymes/ge [Genetics] MH - Mice MH - Nitrobenzenes/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Osteoblasts/de [Drug Effects] MH - Osteoblasts/me [Metabolism] MH - *Osteoclasts/de [Drug Effects] MH - Osteoclasts/me [Metabolism] MH - Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase/ge [Genetics] MH - Prostaglandins/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - Rabbits MH - RNA, Messenger/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - Skull/cy [Cytology] MH - Sulfonamides/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB - Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2 or basic FGF) is known to show variable actions on bone formation and bone resorption. This study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms whereby FGF-2 affects bone metabolism, especially bone resorption, using three different culture systems. FGF-2 at 10(-9) M and higher concentrations induced osteoclastic cell formation in the coculture system of mouse osteoblastic cells and bone marrow cells, and this induction was abrogated by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). 45Ca release from prelabeled cultured mouse calvariae stimulated by FGF-2 (10(-8) M) was also inhibited by NSAIDs, and the inhibition was stronger by NSAIDs, which are more selective for inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) than COX-1, suggesting the mediation of COX-2 induction. COX-2 was highly expressed and its messenger RNA (mRNA) level was stimulated by FGF-2 in osteoblastic cells whereas it was undetectable or not stimulated by FGF-2 in cells of osteoclast lineage. To further investigate the direct actions of FGF-2 on osteoclasts, resorbed pit formation was compared between cultures of purified osteoclasts and unfractionated bone cells from rabbit long bones. FGF-2 (> or = 10(-12) M) stimulated resorbed pit formation by purified osteoclasts with a maximum effect of 2.0-fold at 10(-11) M, and no further stimulation was observed at higher concentrations. However, FGF-2 at 10(-9) M - 10(-8) M stimulated resorbed pit formation by unfractionated bone cells up to 9.7-fold. NS-398, a specific COX-2 inhibitor, did not affect the FGF-2 stimulation on purified osteoclasts but inhibited that on unfractionated bone cells. We conclude that FGF-2 at low concentrations (> or =10(-12) M) acts directly on mature osteoclasts to resorb bone moderately, whereas at high concentrations (> or = 10(-9) M) it acts on osteoblastic cells to induce COX-2 and stimulates bone resorption potently. RN - EC 1-14-99 (cyclooxygenase 1) RN - EC 1-14-99 (cyclooxygenase 2) RN - EC 1-14-99-1 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase) RN - EC 3-1-3 (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) RN - EC 3-1-3-2 (Acid Phosphatase) RN - 0 (fibroblast growth factor-2) RN - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal) RN - 0 (Biological Markers) RN - 0 (Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Fibroblast Growth Factor, Basic) RN - 0 (Isoenzymes) RN - 0 (Nitrobenzenes) RN - 0 (Prostaglandins) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Sulfonamides) RN - 123653-11-2 (NS 398) RN - 41340-25-4 (Etodolac) RN - 5104-49-4 (Flurbiprofen) RN - 53-86-1 (Indomethacin) RN - 7440-70-2 (Calcium) IS - 0884-0431 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200008. Entry Week: 2000084. <10> UI - 20227459 AU - Meyer U AU - Kleinheinz J AU - Handschel J AU - Kruse-Losler B AU - Weingart D AU - Joos U IN - Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Munster, Germany. TI - Oral findings in three different groups of immunocompromised patients. SO - Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine 2000 Apr;29(4):153-8 JC - jrf, JRF SB - D CP - Denmark MH - Adult MH - Age Factors MH - Alveolar Bone Loss/cl [Classification] MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Cohort Studies MH - Dental Plaque Index MH - DMF Index MH - Female MH - Heart Transplantation/im [Immunology] MH - Human MH - *Immunocompromised Host MH - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute/im [Immunology] MH - Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/im [Immunology] MH - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/im [Immunology] MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - *Mouth Diseases/cl [Classification] MH - Mouth Mucosa/pa [Pathology] MH - Periodontal Diseases/cl [Classification] MH - Periodontal Index MH - Sex Factors MH - Tooth Diseases/cl [Classification] AB - The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of oral, dental and periodontal findings in three different groups of immunocompromised patients and in a healthy control group, to evaluate whether there is a correlation between manifestations of disease and immunologic parameters. The survey included 46 patients with a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, 48 heart transplant recipients, and 53 adult patients suffering from acute leukemias. Fifty matched healthy subjects were used as a control group. Each patient had to answer questions on medical and dental health and underwent a thorough oral, dental and serological investigation. Oral mucosal lesions were found in nearly half of all immunocompromised patients (49.6%), but in only 26% of control patients. No significant associations were found between different types of oral lesions and the underlying cause of immunosuppression. Leukemia patients showed age-unrelated higher scores in periodontal indices (P<0.05). Laboratory parameters failed to be significant in the assessment of oral health. IS - 0904-2512 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200008. Entry Week: 2000083. <11> UI - 20190738 AU - Safavi K AU - Kazemi R AU - Watkins D IN - Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030-1715, USA. TI - Adherence of enamel matrix derivatives on root-end filling materials. SO - Journal of Endodontics 1999 Nov;25(11):710-2 JC - i1k SB - D CP - United States MH - Adhesions MH - Composite Resins/ch [Chemistry] MH - Dental Cementum/gd [Growth & Development] MH - *Dental Enamel Proteins/ch [Chemistry] MH - Dentin/ch [Chemistry] MH - Human MH - Periodontal Ligament/ph [Physiology] MH - Protein Binding MH - Regeneration MH - *Root Canal Filling Materials/ch [Chemistry] AB - It was recently shown that application of enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) on denuded root dentin promotes periodontal regeneration. EMD is shown to adhere to the etched dentin, but its adherence to root-end filling materials is not known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adherence of a commercially available EMD product to root-end filling materials. Dentin sections were embedded in blocks made of acrylic resin. Cavities were prepared in similar acrylic resin blocks and were filled with amalgam, IRM, or composite resin. EMD was labeled with radioactive iodine and applied to the surfaces of the dentin sections, freshly made fillings, or acrylic resin controls. The specimens were rinsed, and the amount of radioactive iodine was determined in a gamma counter. Substantial amounts of EMD adhered to dentin sections. EMD adherence to amalgam and IRM was significantly less than to dentin or composite resin. RN - 0 (Composite Resins) RN - 0 (Dental Enamel Proteins) RN - 0 (enamel matrix proteins) RN - 0 (Root Canal Filling Materials) IS - 0099-2399 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200006 Revised: 20000523. Entry Week: 2000074. <12> UI - 20236045 AU - Hashiguchi K AU - Hashimoto K IN - Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Hamamatsu University, Shizuoka, Japan. TI - Effects of KrF excimer laser irradiation on human dental enamel. SO - Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 2000 Mar;76(6):321-33 JC - oh2 CP - Japan MH - Calcium Phosphates/an [Analysis] MH - Dental Enamel/ch [Chemistry] MH - *Dental Enamel/re [Radiation Effects] MH - Dental Enamel/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Human MH - *Lasers MH - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning MH - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Surface Properties MH - X-Ray Diffraction AB - Spectra of human dental enamel was recorded in the 200-400 nm UV region. It showed the weak band at 280 nm which were present in enamel protein. Excimer laser are gas lasers which emit light with photochemical decomposition. The wavelength depends on the 248 nm with krypton-fluoride. The enamel surfaces of extracted human teeth were exposed to KrF excimer laser by an energy density range from 29.6 to 3200 J/cm2. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes with photo chemical reaction in enamel by light microscopy, SEM and X ray diffraction method. Results of analyses suggested that the observed changes of enamel exposed to this laser were the alpha and beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) phase in small amounts. No histological changes were observed in grain boundaries of cross sectioned lased enamel under light microscopy. The SEM examination revealed a roughened surface with bubble formation at 800-3200 J/cm2. SEM of etched enamel surface with 0.1 N HCl after laser irradiation at 400-800 J/cm2 showed the extension along the length of the rods. At 1600-3200 J/cm2, there appeared to be a melting of prism structures, because of conversion of photon energy into thermal energy. These results showed the KrF excimer laser irradiation to dental enamel might be a new type of treatment modality and diagnosis in preventive dentistry. RN - 0 (Calcium Phosphates) RN - 10103-46-5 (calcium phosphate) IS - 0030-154X PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200007. Entry Week: 2000072. <13> UI - 20196979 AU - Talwar GP AU - Diwan M AU - Razvi F AU - Malhotra R IN - Talwar Research Foundation, New Delhi, India. TI - The impact of new technologies on vaccines. [Review] [75 refs] SO - National Medical Journal of India 1999 Nov-Dec;12(6):274-80 JC - bnt, BNT CP - India MH - Animal MH - Biotechnology MH - Cancer Vaccines MH - Cholera Vaccine MH - Human MH - Immunization Programs MH - Mice MH - Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines MH - Vaccines/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Vaccines/cl [Classification] MH - *Vaccines MH - Vaccines, Combined MH - Vaccines, DNA/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Vaccines, Synthetic AB - Vast changes are taking place in vaccinology consequent to the introduction of new technologies. Amongst the vaccines included in the Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI), the pertussis vaccine has been replaced by acellular purified fractions devoid of side-effects. Non-pathogenic but immunogenic mutants of tetanus and diptheria toxins are likely to replace the toxoids. An effective vaccine against hepatitis B prepared by recombinant technology is in large-scale use. Conjugated vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae b, S. pneumococcus and meningococcus are now available, as also vaccines against mumps, rubella and measles. Combination vaccines have been devised to limit the number of injections. Vaccine delivery systems have been developed to deliver multiple doses of the vaccine at a single contact point. A genetically-engineered oral vaccine for typhoid imparts better and longer duration of immunity. Oral vaccines for cholera and other enteric infections are under clinical trials. The nose as a route for immunization is showing promise for mucosal immunity and for anti-inflammatory experimental vaccines against multiple sclerosis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The range of vaccines has expanded to include pathogens resident in the body such as Helicobacter pylori (duodenal ulcer), S. mutans (dental caries), and human papilloma virus (carcinoma of the cervix). An important progress is the recognition that DNA alone can constitute the vaccines, inducing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. A large number of DNA vaccines have been made and shown interesting results in experimental animals. Live recombinant vaccines against rabies and rinderpest have proven to be highly effective for controlling these infections in the field, and those for AIDS are under clinical trial. Potent adjuvants have added to the efficacy of the vaccines. New technologies have emerged to 'humanize' mouse monoclonals by genetic engineering and express these efficiently in plants. These recombinant antibodies are opening out an era of highly specific and safe therapeutic interventions. Human recombinant antibodies would be invaluable for treating patients with terminal tetanus and rabies. Antibodies are already in use for treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and allergies. An advantage of preformed antibodies directed at a defined target and given in adequate amounts is the certainty of efficacy in every recipient, in contrast to vaccines, where the quality and quantum of immune response varies from individual to individual. [References: 75] RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cholera Vaccine) RN - 0 (Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Combined) RN - 0 (Vaccines, DNA) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) IS - 0970-258X PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Review, Tutorial LG - English EM - 200006. Entry Week: 2000063. <14> UI - 20180813 AU - Murray PE AU - About I AU - Lumley PJ AU - Smith G AU - Franquin JC AU - Smith AJ IN - School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, England. TI - Postoperative pulpal and repair responses. SO - Journal of the American Dental Association 2000 Mar;131(3):321-9 JC - h5j, H5J SB - D CP - United States MH - Adolescence MH - Age Factors MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Child MH - Comparative Study MH - *Dental Pulp/pa [Pathology] MH - Dental Restoration, Permanent/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Dental Restoration, Permanent/mt [Methods] MH - Dentin/se [Secretion] MH - Female MH - Human MH - Male MH - *Postoperative Complications/pa [Pathology] MH - *Pulpitis/pa [Pathology] MH - Time Factors AB - BACKGROUND: Each year in the United States, the success of 10 million surgically restored carious lesions depends on a favorable tertiary dentin repair response to preparation, restoration and patient factor variables. The authors investigated the relationship between these variables and dentinal response. METHODS: Standardized rectangular Class V restoration preparations were cut into the buccal dentin of intact first or second premolars of 27 patients without exposing the pulp and were restored. The patients were between 9 and 17 years of age. The treated teeth were scheduled for extraction for orthodontic reasons. After tooth extraction, the tertiary dentin was analyzed histomorphometrically. RESULTS: The area of tertiary reactionary dentin was found to be correlated using linear regression analysis of variance with restoration residual dentin thickness (P = .0024), age of the patient (P = .0045), restoration floor surface area (P = .0266) and restoration width (P = .0415). The authors did not find a correlation with the premolar position (P = .0594), sex of the patient (P = .650), pulpal inflammatory reaction (P = .613) or the time elapsed since surgery (P = .531). Restoration with zinc oxide eugenol was found to negatively influence tertiary dentin matrix secretion (post hoc analysis of variance, P = .030). CONCLUSIONS: The age of a patient at treatment, the choice of restorative material and the size of the restoration preparation are all factors that can positively or negatively affect the pulpal repair response. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Age of the patient affects dentin repair capacity and may be a factor in treatment planning decisions. Minimizing the cutting of dentin, especially the width and base of the preparation, reduces the probability of recurrent pulpal complications. IS - 0002-8177 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200006. Entry Week: 2000061. <15> UI - 20115090 AU - Liu B AU - Rayment SA AU - Gyurko C AU - Oppenheim FG AU - Offner GD AU - Troxler RF IN - Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology, Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, MA 02118, Boston, USA. TI - The recombinant N-terminal region of human salivary mucin MG2 (MUC7) contains a binding domain for oral Streptococci and exhibits candidacidal activity. SO - Biochemical Journal 2000 Feb 1;345 Pt 3:557-64 JC - 9yo, 9YO SB - C CP - England MH - *Antifungal Agents/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Binding Sites MH - *Candida albicans/de [Drug Effects] MH - Escherichia coli/ge [Genetics] MH - Human MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Mouth/mi [Microbiology] MH - Mucins/ge [Genetics] MH - Mucins/ip [Isolation & Purification] MH - *Mucins/me [Metabolism] MH - *Mucins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ge [Genetics] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ip [Isolation & Purification] MH - Recombinant Proteins/me [Metabolism] MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Salivary Proteins/ge [Genetics] MH - Salivary Proteins/ip [Isolation & Purification] MH - *Salivary Proteins/me [Metabolism] MH - *Salivary Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Streptococcus mutans/me [Metabolism] MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. AB - MG2 (the MUC7 gene product) is a low-molecular-mass mucin found in human submandibular/sublingual secretions. This mucin is believed to agglutinate a variety of microbes and thus is considered an important component of the non-immune host defence system in the oral cavity. We have shown that MUC7 can bind to cariogenic strains of Streptococcus mutans and that this binding requires a structural determinant in the N-terminal region. In the present study an expression construct, pNMuc7, encoding the N-terminal 144 amino acids of MUC7 was generated, and the recombinant protein rNMUC7 was expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified rNMUC7 was characterized and the binding of this protein to oral bacteria was investigated in an established assay. The results showed that the recombinant protein bound to S. mutans ATCC 25175 and ATCC 33402, and that alkylation of the two cysteine residues (Cys(45) and Cys(50)) resulted in the complete loss of bacterial binding. This suggests that binding of MUC7 to S. mutans occurs between the N-terminal region of the mucin molecule and the bacterial surface, and that this interaction is dependent on a cysteine-containing domain within this region of MUC7. In addition, the killing activity of rNMUC7 was compared with that of the candidacidal salivary protein histatin 5 in an established Candida albicans (ATCC 44505) blastoconidia killing assay. It was found that the LD(50) values of rNMUC7 and histatin 5 were comparable, and that the recombinant protein displayed significant killing activity at the physiological concentration range of MUC7 in whole saliva. This study is the first to show that the N-terminal region of MUC7 contains a structural determinant for bacterial binding and that this region exhibits candidacidal activity. RN - 0 (human salivary mucin MG2) RN - 0 (Antifungal Agents) RN - 0 (Mucins) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 0 (Salivary Proteins) RN - 115966-68-2 (histatin 5) IS - 0264-6021 PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - DE11691 (NIDCR), DK44619 (NIDDK), DE07652 (NIDCR) EM - 200005. Entry Week: 2000054. <16> UI - 20138327 AU - Zollner A AU - Gaengler P IN - Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Alfred Herrhausen Str. 50, 58448 Witten, Germany. dagmark@uni-wh.de TI - Pulp reactions to different preparation techniques on teeth exhibiting periodontal disease. SO - Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2000 Feb;27(2):93-102 JC - jie SB - D CP - England MH - Acrylic Resins MH - Age Factors MH - Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification] MH - Cementation MH - Composite Resins MH - Crowns MH - Dental Pulp/mi [Microbiology] MH - *Dental Pulp/pa [Pathology] MH - Dental Pulp Diseases/co [Complications] MH - Dental Veneers MH - Dentin/pa [Pathology] MH - Dentin, Secondary/pa [Pathology] MH - Female MH - Human MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - *Periodontal Diseases/co [Complications] MH - Regeneration MH - *Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic/mt [Methods] MH - Tooth Root/pa [Pathology] MH - Zinc Phosphate Cement AB - To evaluate the histopathological outcome of two preparation techniques (featheredge preparation/shoulder preparation) on teeth exhibiting pulp reactions due to age and periodontal disease, 11 teeth were prepared for full veneer crowns. Laboratory made resin crowns were fixed with a zinc phosphate cement for a period of 90 days. After extraction, adjacent pulpal areas were histopathologically rated according to the BRD criteria comprising the parameters (i) Bacterial invasion, (ii) Regenerative parameters, (iii) Degenerative parameters. Degenerative reactions were more correlated with tooth preparation than with advanced periodontal disease. The severity of endondontal reactions depends more on remaining dentin thickness than on the type of preparation. RN - 0 (Acrylic Resins) RN - 0 (Composite Resins) RN - 109676-12-2 (ESPE Visio-Gem) RN - 7779-90-0 (Zinc Phosphate Cement) IS - 0305-182X PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200005. Entry Week: 2000054. <17> UI - 20139755 AU - Menaa C AU - Kurihara N AU - Roodman GD IN - Department of Medicine/Hematology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA. TI - CFU-GM-derived cells form osteoclasts at a very high efficiency. SO - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 2000 Jan 27;267(3):943-6 JC - 9y8, 9Y8 SB - C CP - United States MH - Animal MH - *Bone Marrow Cells/cy [Cytology] MH - Bone Resorption MH - Carrier Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Cell Differentiation/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Cell Differentiation/ph [Physiology] MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Colony-Forming Units Assay MH - Cytokines/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Dentin MH - Dexamethasone/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Granulocytes/cy [Cytology] MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cy [Cytology] MH - Hematopoietic Stem Cells/de [Drug Effects] MH - Human MH - Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Macrophages/cy [Cytology] MH - Membrane Glycoproteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Mice MH - *Osteoblasts/cy [Cytology] MH - Osteoblasts/de [Drug Effects] MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. AB - The granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (CFU-GM) is a multipotent cell that can differentiate to osteoclasts (OCLs), macrophages, or granulocytes. However, the relative potential of CFU-GM to efficiently form OCLs is unknown. In this report we demonstrate that granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM)-derived cells represent an easily obtainable highly purified source of human OCL precursors that form OCLs at very high efficiency (greater than 90%) when cultured with RANK ligand (RANKL), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and dexamethasone. The OCLs that formed have high bone-resorbing activity and form multiple resorption lacunae per OCL on dentin slices. Similarly, murine marrow-derived CFU-GM also formed OCLs at a high efficiency (>80%) when treated with RANKL, M-CSF, and dexamethasone. In contrast, more committed macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-M)-derived cells form few OCLs under these conditions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. RN - 0 (Carrier Proteins) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Membrane Glycoproteins) RN - 0 (TRANCE protein) RN - 50-02-2 (Dexamethasone) RN - 81627-83-0 (Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor) IS - 0006-291X PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - AG13625 (NIA), AR41336 (NIAMS), AR44603 (NIAMS) EM - 200005. Entry Week: 2000052. <18> UI - 20151486 AU - Sari S AU - Aras S AU - Gunhan O IN - Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Turkey. TI - The effect of physiological root resorption on repair potential of primary tooth pulp. SO - Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 1999 Spring;23(3):227-33 JC - ax5 SB - D CP - United States MH - Adolescence MH - Child MH - Cuspid MH - *Dental Pulp/ph [Physiology] MH - *Dental Pulp Capping MH - Dental Restoration, Permanent MH - *Dentin, Secondary/gd [Growth & Development] MH - Human MH - *Root Resorption MH - Tooth Root/ah [Anatomy & Histology] MH - Tooth, Deciduous/ph [Physiology] MH - Wound Healing/ph [Physiology] AB - The aim of this study was to determine, the effects of root resorption on repair potential of healthy deciduous tooth pulps. Fourteen canine teeth which needed to be extracted for orthodontic purposes and in which resorption had just begun (1st group, resorption did not exceed 1/3 of root length) or was in advanced resorption stage (2nd group, resorption was between 1/3 and 2/3 of root length) were used for this study. Direct pulp capping treatment was implemented in vivo, to 7 teeth in each group. Reparative dentin formation was determined three months later following extraction. The teeth were examined histopathologically under light microscope. As a result, in the teeth with different resorption levels, dentin bridge formation in the capping area was observed. Although maturation of the thin dentin bridges was completed in all teeth, maturation of the thick dentin bridges was still continuing at the 90th day. IS - 1053-4628 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200005. Entry Week: 2000051. <19> UI - 20126611 AU - Strollo F IN - Postgraduate School of Aerospace Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. TI - Hormonal changes in humans during spaceflight. [Review] [140 refs] SO - Advances in Space Biology & Medicine 1999;7:99-129 JC - bx7 CP - United States MH - Animal MH - Bone Remodeling/ph [Physiology] MH - *Hormones/bl [Blood] MH - Hormones/ph [Physiology] MH - Human MH - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/ph [Physiology] MH - Pituitary-Adrenal System/ph [Physiology] MH - *Space Flight MH - Thyroid Gland/ph [Physiology] AB - Readers of this review may feel that there is much more that we do not know about space endocrinology than what we know. Several reasons for this state of affairs have been given: 1. the complexity of the field of endocrinology with its still increasing number of known hormones, releasing factors and precursors, and of the interactions between them through various feedback mechanisms 2. the difficulty in separating the microgravity effects from the effects of stress from launch, isolation and confinement during flight, reentry, and postflight re-adaptation 3. the experimental limitations during flight, such as limited number of subjects, limited number of samples, impossibility of collecting triple samples for pulsatile hormones like growth hormone 4. the disturbing effects of countermeasures used by astronauts 5. the inadequacy of postflight samples for conclusions about inflight values 6. limitations of conclusions from animal experiments and space simulation studies The endocrinology field is divided in to nine systems or axes, which are successively reviewed: 1. Rapid bone demineralization in the early phase of spaceflight that, when unopposed, leads to catastrophic effects after three months but that slows down later. The endocrine mechanism, apart from the effect of exercise as a countermeasure, is not yet understood. 2. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is involved in stress reactions, which complicate our understanding and makes postflight analysis dubious. 3. In the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, pulsatility poses a problem for obtaining representative values (e.g., for luteinizing hormone). Reproduction of rats in space is possible, but much more needs to be known about this aspect, particularly in women, before the advent of space colonies, but also in males because some evidence for reversible testicular dysfunction in space has been found. 4. The hypothalamic-pituitary-somato-mammotrophic axis involves prolactin and growth hormone. The latter also acts as a stress hormone and its secretion is greatly decreased in spaceflown rats, but not in astronauts, which may be due to differences in the regulation of growth hormone secretion between rats and humans. 5. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis involves the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which are lowered in space, suggesting mild hypothyroidism. 6. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, which regulates water and electrolytes, involves antidiuretic hormone and two natriuretic peptides and shows paradoxical behavior in space. 7. Erythrocyte mass regulation involves erythropoietin, and space anemia is still not explained. 8. The endocrine pancreas involves insulin and glucagon, with loss of insulin sensitivity in space due to lack of exercise, which phenomenon requires more study before the advent of space colonies. 9. The sympathetic system acts through epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine and seems to have an increased activity in space in contrast to what had been widely believed. From the foregoing conclusions, it is clear that much further study is needed in all fields of space endocrinology. On the other hand, future studies will allow us to understand what happens in a given endocrine subsystem in the absence of the "gravity factor", the perturbing factor to which the human race has become adapted through thousands of years of evolution. This should provide us with a fuller understanding of the internal homeostatic mechanisms. An important point is that some endocrine systems seem to undergo changes in space that resemble those observed during senescence, but after spaceflight, recovery always occurs within weeks or months after return. This is particularly true for the systems regulating bone and muscle metabolism and reproduction, exactly as happens with the immune, neurosensory, and cardiovascular systems. Further space research may help us find new insights in the pathophysiology of aging and hopefully define novel prev [References: 140] RN - 0 (Hormones) PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Review, Tutorial LG - English EM - 200004. Entry Week: 2000043. <20> UI - 20007837 AU - Thompson PD AU - Hsieh JC AU - Whitfield GK AU - Haussler CA AU - Jurutka PW AU - Galligan MA AU - Tillman JB AU - Spindler SR AU - Haussler MR IN - Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA. TI - Vitamin D receptor displays DNA binding and transactivation as a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor, but not with the thyroid hormone receptor. SO - Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 1999 Dec 1;75(3):462-80 JC - hnf, HNF CP - United States MH - Animal MH - Base Sequence MH - COS Cells MH - Dimerization MH - *DNA/me [Metabolism] MH - DNA, Complementary/ge [Genetics] MH - Human MH - In Vitro MH - Ligands MH - Mice MH - Models, Biological MH - Protein Structure, Quaternary MH - Rats MH - Receptor Cross-Talk MH - Receptors, Calcitriol/ch [Chemistry] MH - Receptors, Calcitriol/ge [Genetics] MH - *Receptors, Calcitriol/me [Metabolism] MH - Receptors, Retinoic Acid/ch [Chemistry] MH - Receptors, Retinoic Acid/ge [Genetics] MH - *Receptors, Retinoic Acid/me [Metabolism] MH - Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/ch [Chemistry] MH - Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/ge [Genetics] MH - *Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/me [Metabolism] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ch [Chemistry] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ge [Genetics] MH - Recombinant Proteins/me [Metabolism] MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MH - Trans-Activation (Genetics) MH - Transcription Factors/ch [Chemistry] MH - Transcription Factors/ge [Genetics] MH - *Transcription Factors/me [Metabolism] AB - The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a transcription factor believed to function as a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR). However, it was reported [Schrader et al., 1994] that, on putative vitamin D response elements (VDREs) within the rat 9k and mouse 28k calcium binding protein genes (rCaBP 9k and mCaBP 28k), VDR and thyroid hormone receptor (TR) form heterodimers that transactivate in response to both 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) and triiodothyronine (T(3)). We, therefore, examined associations of these receptors on the putative rCaBP 9k and mCaBP 28k VDREs, as well as on established VDREs from the rat osteocalcin (rOC) and mouse osteopontin (mOP) genes, plus the thyroid hormone response element (TRE) from the rat myosin heavy chain (rMHC) gene. In gel mobility shift assays, we found no evidence for VDR-TR heterodimer interaction with any tested element. Further, employing these hormone response elements linked to reporter genes in transfected cells, VDR and TR mediated responses to their cognate ligands only from the rOC/mOP and rMHC elements, respectively, while the CaBP elements were unresponsive to any combination of ligand(s). Utilizing the rOC and mOP VDREs, two distinct repressive actions of TR on VDR-mediated signaling were demonstrated: a T(3)-independent action, presumably via direct TR-RXR competition for DNA binding, and a T(3)-dependent repression, likely by diversion of limiting RXR from VDR-RXR toward the formation of TR-RXR heterodimers. The relative importance of these two mechanisms differed in a response element-specific manner. These results may provide a partial explanation for the observed association between hyperthyroidism and bone demineralization/osteoporosis. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. RN - 0 (retinoid X receptor) RN - 0 (DNA, Complementary) RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Receptors, Calcitriol) RN - 0 (Receptors, Retinoic Acid) RN - 0 (Receptors, Thyroid Hormone) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - 9007-49-2 (DNA) IS - 0730-2312 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200003. Entry Week: 2000035. <21> UI - 20069196 AU - Laugier P AU - Novikov V AU - Elmann-Larsen B AU - Berger G IN - Laboratoire d'Imagerie Parametrique UMR 7623, 15 Rue de l'Ecole de Medecine 75006 Paris, France. TI - Quantitative ultrasound imaging of the calcaneus: precision and variations during a 120-Day bed rest. SO - Calcified Tissue International 2000 Jan;66(1):16-21 JC - cgh, CGH CP - United States MH - Adult MH - Bed Rest MH - *Bone Density MH - *Bone Remodeling/ph [Physiology] MH - *Calcaneus/us [Ultrasonography] MH - Human MH - *Immobilization/ph [Physiology] MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Ultrasonography/is [Instrumentation] AB - This study reports on the precision and variation of quantitative ultrasound (US) parameters [broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA) or slope of the frequency-dependent attenuation in dB/MHz and speed of sound (SOS m/second)] after 120 days of continuous bed rest in six normal male volunteers. Quantitative US was measured at the calcaneus using a new US bone imaging scanner. The measurements were carried out on both heels at approximately 2-week intervals. The short-term precision was 0.31% for SOS and 2.8% for BUA. The long-term precision was 0.58% for SOS, 4.7% for BUA. A significant decrease of SOS values of -26 m/second (P < 0.0001) for the right heel and -17 m/second (P < 0.05) for the left heel was found at the group level. In terms of percentage change this represents -1.7% for the right heel and -1.1% for the left heel. These percentage decrements were 3.5-5.5 times that of the short-term precision and 2-3 times that of the long-term precision of the technique. At the individual level, the decrease of SOS was statistically significant (P < 0.05) or marginally significant (P < 0.1) for four out of 6 subjects. For 2 other subjects, similar trends were observed, but without reaching statistical significance. BUA did not change significantly during follow-up. These results are consistent with previous findings on changes of ultrasonic properties from the calcaneus during aging, pregnancy, or therapy, showing that calcaneus SOS is a valuable index of bone loss. These preliminary data suggest that prolonged exposure to simulated weightlessness may lead to a lower SOS, which then could be used for the follow-up of bone demineralization occurring during long-term space flights. IS - 0171-967X PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200003. Entry Week: 2000035. <22> UI - 99110008 AU - Blaise D AU - Jourdan E AU - Michallet M AU - Jouet JP AU - Boiron JM AU - Michel G AU - Faucher C AU - Fegueux N AU - Schuller MP AU - Badri N AU - Chabannon C AU - Maraninchi D IN - Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France. TI - Mobilisation of healthy donors with lenograstim and transplantation of HLA-genoidentical blood progenitors in 54 patients with hematological malignancies: a pilot study [see comments]. CM - Comment in: Bone Marrow Transplant 1999 Jul;24(2):225-7 SO - Bone Marrow Transplantation 1998 Dec;22(12):1153-8 JC - bon, BON CP - England MH - *Adjuvants, Immunologic/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Adolescence MH - Adult MH - Female MH - *Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Hematologic Neoplasms/th [Therapy] MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MH - Histocompatibility Testing MH - Human MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - Pilot Projects MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Survival Analysis MH - Tissue Donors MH - Transplantation, Homologous AB - Blood cell transplantation (BCT) is now common practice in the autologous setting. We performed a pilot study of allogeneic BCT, collected after the priming of an HLA-identical sibling with a glycosylated rhu-G-CSF (lenograstim) (10 microg/kg). Fifty-four patients were included (38 +/- 11; M/F = 33/21; CML (n = 17), AML (n = 14), ALL (n = 15); MDS (n = 8)). Transplant procedures were standard (TBI regimen = 47 (87%); MTX-CsA: n = 37; CsA-PDN: n = 17). No serious adverse events were reported in donors. A median of 11 (3.5-29.1) x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells, 332 (33-820) x 10(6)/kg CD3+ cells were collected. Four patients did not engraft (early death: n = 2; graft failure: n = 2). Fifty-one patients initially recovered 0.5 x 10(9)/l ANC and 25 x 10(9)/l platelets at 15 (10-30) and 13 (9-188) days. 29/51 and 29/38 experienced grade > or =2 acute and chronic GVHD. With a median follow-up of 25 months (18-36), relapse rate is 16% +/- 8, survival and DFS probabilities are similar (50% +/- 13). A better outcome is documented for patients under 45 years and in the early phase of the disease (n = 28), with an identical survival and DFS of 71% +/- 13. In conclusion, lenograstim is a potent rhu-G-CSF for mobilisation of allogeneic hematopoietic progenitors. Two-year follow-up indicates good haematological recovery but some concerns about graft failure and chronic GVHD have arisen deserving prospective evaluation. RN - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 135968-09-1 (lenograstim) RN - 143011-72-7 (Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor) IS - 0268-3369 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199907 Revised: 20000118. Entry Week: 2000035. <23> UI - 20033942 AU - Zaman KU AU - Sugaya T AU - Kato H IN - Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Hokkaido University, School of Dentistry, Sapporo, Japan. TI - Effect of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB and bone morphogenetic protein-2 application to demineralized dentin on early periodontal ligament cell response. SO - Journal of Periodontal Research 1999 Jul;34(5):244-50 JC - jmq SB - D CP - Denmark MH - Adolescence MH - Alkaline Phosphatase/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Case Report MH - Cell Count/de [Drug Effects] MH - Cell Division/de [Drug Effects] MH - Cells, Cultured MH - *Dentin/de [Drug Effects] MH - Edetic Acid MH - Female MH - Human MH - Periodontal Ligament/cy [Cytology] MH - *Periodontal Ligament/de [Drug Effects] MH - Periodontal Ligament/en [Enzymology] MH - *Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Statistics, Nonparametric MH - Time Factors MH - *Tooth Demineralization/ci [Chemically Induced] AB - The purpose of this study is to investigate the early responses of human periodontal ligament cells attached to recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB and bone morphogenetic protein-2 applied EDTA-demineralized dentin. One hundred and seventy-four root-planed flat dentin blocks were prepared from the mid-third of periodontally diseased human tooth roots. After demineralization with 24% EDTA (pH 7.02) 120 dentin blocks were treated with 0.5 and 1 microgram/ml rhPDGF-BB, 1 and 3 micrograms/ml rhBMP-2 and only MEM as control (24/group). Human periodontal ligament cells (HPLC) were seeded on these dentin surfaces and incubated. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and protein concentration of the attached cell were assessed at d 2, 4 and 7. Fifty-four dentin blocks were seeded with HPLC after application of 1 microgram/ml rhPDGF-BB, 3 micrograms/ml rhBMP-2 and MEM (18/group) and then incubated. At d 2, 4 and 7, the attached cells were stained and counted under light microscope. The results showed a significant increase of protein concentration and cell number in PDGF-BB treated groups than control (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) but not the ALP activity, and a significant increase of ALP activity was observed in BMP-2 treated groups than control (p < 0.05) but protein concentration and cell number remained almost the same over time. Thus, rhPDGF-BB and rhBMP-2 application to EDTA demineralized dentin surfaces promote the early human periodontal ligament cell responses by increasing cell proliferation and differentiation, respectively, which would ultimately enhance periodontal regeneration. RN - EC 3-1-3-1 (Alkaline Phosphatase) RN - 0 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) RN - 0 (platelet-derived growth factor BB) RN - 0 (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins) RN - 0 (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 60-00-4 (Edetic Acid) IS - 0022-3484 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200002. Entry Week: 2000021. <24> UI - 99393823 AU - Laroche M AU - Ludot I AU - Brousset P AU - Mazieres B IN - Department of Rheumatology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France. TI - Osteoporosis with lymphoid nodules and hematopoietic marrow hyperplasia. SO - Clinical & Experimental Rheumatology 1999 Jul-Aug;17(4):457-60 JC - dfa, DFA CP - Italy MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Asthenia/di [Diagnosis] MH - Asthenia/et [Etiology] MH - Biopsy MH - *Bone Marrow/pa [Pathology] MH - Bone Remodeling MH - Calcium/ur [Urine] MH - Female MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Hematopoiesis MH - Human MH - Hyperplasia MH - Ilium/pa [Pathology] MH - *Lymph Nodes/pa [Pathology] MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - Osteoporosis/co [Complications] MH - *Osteoporosis/di [Diagnosis] MH - *Osteoporosis/pa [Pathology] MH - Spinal Fractures/di [Diagnosis] MH - Spinal Fractures/et [Etiology] MH - Spinal Fractures/pa [Pathology] AB - OBJECTIVE: In 1983 Vigorita reported 3 cases of osteoporosis associated with intramedullary lymphoid nodules. We present 8 patients with osteoporosis and lymphoid nodules (LN) in whom we studied the clinical, biological and histological features and the course of the disease. METHODS: Three men (mean age 52 yrs., range 43-68 yrs.) and 5 women (mean age 60 yrs., 49-66 yrs.), 6 of them with osteoporosis with fracture and 2 with osteoporosis on bone densitometry (T score < -2.5 SD) were enrolled in this study. The following parameters were studied: immunobinding with IG determination, phosphorus and calcium levels, PTH, 25 and 1-25 OH D3, osteocalcin, urinary deoxypyridinoline, histomorphometry, tests for autoanti-bodies, HIV, HTLV, EBV and CMV serology. The results were compared with those of 20 patients with osteoporosis but without LN. Five patients underwent a second BMB a mean of 2 years after the first. RESULTS: Five patients had asthenia, 4 had joint pain and 3 had hyperlymphocytosis. Immunologic and virologic investigations were negative in all cases. Bone marrow was hypercellular (59.9 +/- 5.3 vs 40.1 +/- 13%, p: 0.001). At the second BMB, LN were absent but bone marrow was still hypercellular. In all cases, no cause of demineralization was found and osteoporosis progressed rapidly (an average of 3 vertebral compression fractures in three months, with increased resorption (ES 6.5 +/- 1.6 vs 3 +/- 1.2, p: 0.05) with decreased calcification rate (CR 0.62 +/- 0.07 vs 0.79 +/- 0.1, p: 0.04). CONCLUSION: Some interesting questions are raised by this study. Did an undiscovered viral infection cause the asthenia and joint pain via cytokines or PTHrp in our patients, and can activated lymphocytes perhaps modify bone remodeling? RN - 7440-70-2 (Calcium) IS - 0392-856X PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199912. <25> UI - 99399780 AU - Townsend PA AU - Villanova I AU - Teti A AU - Horton MA IN - Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK. p.a.townsend@ic.ac.uk TI - Beta1 integrin antisense oligodeoxynucleotides: utility in controlling osteoclast function. SO - European Journal of Cell Biology 1999 Jul;78(7):485-96 JC - em7, EM7 CP - Germany MH - Animal MH - *Antigens, CD29/ge [Genetics] MH - Antigens, CD29/ph [Physiology] MH - Base Sequence MH - Blood Proteins MH - Bone Marrow Cells/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Bone Resorption/dt [Drug Therapy] MH - Calcitonin/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Cell Adhesion/de [Drug Effects] MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Collagen MH - Dentin MH - Dimerization MH - Down-Regulation (Physiology)/de [Drug Effects] MH - Extracellular Matrix Proteins MH - Fibrinogen MH - Fibronectins MH - Gene Expression Regulation/de [Drug Effects] MH - Glass MH - Human MH - Integrins/ph [Physiology] MH - Melanoma/me [Metabolism] MH - Melanoma/pa [Pathology] MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - *Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Osteoclasts/de [Drug Effects] MH - Rabbits MH - Receptors, Vitronectin/ph [Physiology] MH - Sequence Alignment MH - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Tumor Cells, Cultured MH - Vitronectin AB - The involvement of beta1 integrins in osteoclast function has been investigated by utilising an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) approach. 18-mer antisense and control phosphorothioate ODNs were made to a conserved internal region of beta1 integrin sequence (nucleotide positions 1634-1651 of the human beta1 fibronectin receptor). These were tested on rabbit osteoclasts for anti-adhesive and resorptive effects mediated by alphaVbeta3 and alpha2beta1, the major integrins of osteoclasts. Antisense, but not control, beta1 ODNs inhibited osteoclast adhesion to collagen-coated glass (by up to 70%), but not to glass coated with vitronectin, fibronectin or fibrinogen. Adhesion to dentine and subsequent resorption were also inhibited (up to 60%) in a sequence-specific manner. The mechanism of action was verified using both a melanoma cell line, DX3, which expresses multiple integrins at high level including alphaVbeta3 and alpha2beta1, and in a rabbit osteoclast marrow culture (BMC) system. Exposure of DX3 cells to antisense ODN for up to 48 hours reduced adhesion to FCS- and collagen-coated glass, and concomitantly inhibited beta1 protein expression assessed by FACS and Western blot analysis; expression of other integrin subunits, alphaV and beta3, was unaffected. Similarly, the beta1 protein levels in the BMC were reduced by > 75% without any effect on actin expression. These data reveal the utility of antisense ODNs in exploring osteoclast biology and further define the functional role of osteoclastic beta1 integrin(s). RN - 0 (collagen receptor) RN - 0 (Antigens, CD29) RN - 0 (Blood Proteins) RN - 0 (Extracellular Matrix Proteins) RN - 0 (Fibronectins) RN - 0 (Glass) RN - 0 (Integrins) RN - 0 (Oligonucleotides, Antisense) RN - 0 (Receptors, Vitronectin) RN - 0 (Vitronectin) RN - 47931-85-1 (salmon calcitonin) RN - 9001-32-5 (Fibrinogen) RN - 9007-12-9 (Calcitonin) RN - 9007-34-5 (Collagen) IS - 0171-9335 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199912. <26> UI - 99409874 AU - Peter K AU - Straub A AU - Kohler B AU - Volkmann M AU - Schwarz M AU - Kubler W AU - Bode C IN - Internal Medicine III, University of Freiburg, Germany. TI - Platelet activation as a potential mechanism of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor-induced thrombocytopenia. SO - American Journal of Cardiology 1999 Sep 1;84(5):519-24 JC - 3dq SB - A CP - United States MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Drug Therapy, Combination MH - Female MH - Fibrinogen/me [Metabolism] MH - Fibrinolytic Agents/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Fibrinolytic Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Human MH - *Immunoglobulins, Fab/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Immunoglobulins, Fab/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - Myocardial Infarction/bl [Blood] MH - *Myocardial Infarction/dt [Drug Therapy] MH - P-Selectin/bl [Blood] MH - *Platelet Activation/de [Drug Effects] MH - Platelet Aggregation/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Platelet Count/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/ai [Antagonists & Inhibitors] MH - Protein-Tyrosine-Phosphatase/bl [Blood] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Recombinant Proteins/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Recurrence MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Thrombocytopenia/bl [Blood] MH - *Thrombocytopenia/ci [Chemically Induced] MH - Thrombolytic Therapy MH - Tissue Plasminogen Activator/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Tissue Plasminogen Activator/tu [Therapeutic Use] AB - The blockade of the platelet integrin glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa has proved to be an effective antiplatelet therapy. Profound thrombocytopenia has repeatedly been described as an adverse effect in patients treated with GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors, but its mechanism has not been elucidated yet. With use of flow cytometry, the activation status of platelets was monitored in 26 patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction who were treated with the GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor abciximab alone or in combination with the fibrinolytic agent reteplase. Fibrinogen and PAC-1 (a GP IIb/IIIa activation-specific monoclonal antibody) binding, as well as P-selectin expression on unstimulated platelets were constant in 25 patients throughout a follow-up of 7 days. In 1 patient (D.F.), the percentage of platelet-binding fibrinogen increased from 2.2% to 17.8%, for PAC-1 from 2.8% to 13.2%, and for P-selectin expression from 10.2% to 58.3% 10 minutes after the start of treatment. Furthermore, D.F. had a decrease in single platelet count in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-, citrate-, and heparin-anticoagulated and native blood. Blood films revealed platelet aggregates. In vitro testing of D.F.'s blood 2 and 4 weeks after initial admission demonstrated a reinduction of fibrinogen and PAC-1 binding to platelets, an increase of P-selectin expression, and formation of platelet aggregates following exposition of platelets to abciximab in vitro. In summary, this report describes the induction of platelet activation by a GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor in vivo and reinduction in vitro in direct association with thrombocytopenia. Platelet activation by GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors may be one potential mechanism for GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor-induced thrombocytopenia. RN - EC 3-1-3 (PAC1 phosphatase) RN - EC 3-1-3-48 (Protein-Tyrosine-Phosphatase) RN - EC 3-4-21-68 (Tissue Plasminogen Activator) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (Fibrinolytic Agents) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulins, Fab) RN - 0 (P-Selectin) RN - 0 (Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 133652-38-7 (reteplase) RN - 143653-53-6 (abciximab) RN - 9001-32-5 (Fibrinogen) IS - 0002-9149 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199911. <27> UI - 99369570 AU - Kim SG AU - Yeo HH AU - Kim YK IN - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Biology Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Chosun University and Daejin Medical Center, KwangJu City, Korea. TI - Grafting of large defects of the jaws with a particulate dentin-plaster of paris combination. SO - Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, & Endodontics 1999 Jul;88(1):22-5 JC - ca5, CA5 SB - D CP - United States MH - Adolescence MH - Adult MH - Bone Regeneration MH - *Bone Substitutes MH - *Calcium Sulfate MH - *Dentin/tr [Transplantation] MH - Female MH - Human MH - *Jaw/su [Surgery] MH - *Jaw Cysts/su [Surgery] MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Treatment Outcome AB - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this report is to show the usefulness and discuss the effects of a particulate dentin and plaster of paris combination as a bone graft material in jaw defects. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective evaluation of 10 patients with jaw defects who underwent grafting with a combination of particulate dentin and plaster of paris. The material was used when the defects were more than 20 mm in diameter. The ratio was 2:1 by weight. Patients were examined for any evidence of infection and recurrence during the follow-up periods. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 52.2 months (range, 50 to 57 months), patients had minor immediate postoperative complications. These complications were swelling and perforation; they were treated without problems through use of incision and drainage, antibiotic treatment, and buccal flap. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the results that we obtained radiographically and clinically, it may be concluded that the particulate dentin plaster mixture is a useful and readily available material for bone substitute. RN - 0 (Bone Substitutes) RN - 7778-18-9 (Calcium Sulfate) IS - 1079-2104 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Controlled Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199911. <28> UI - 99275870 AU - Russell JL AU - Block JE IN - Osteotech Inc, Eatontown, NJ 07724, USA. TI - Clinical utility of demineralized bone matrix for osseous defects, arthrodesis, and reconstruction: impact of processing techniques and study methodology. [Review] [79 refs] SO - Orthopedics (Thorofare, NJ) 1999 May;22(5):524-31; quiz 532-3 JC - pcm CP - United States MH - *Arthrodesis/mt [Methods] MH - *Bone Diseases/su [Surgery] MH - *Bone Matrix/tr [Transplantation] MH - Human MH - Osseointegration MH - *Research Design MH - *Tissue Preservation/mt [Methods] MH - Treatment Outcome AB - The findings of studies on DBM in the surgical management of osseous defects, arthrodeses, and reconstructive procedures have been promising. In general, DBM grafts have supported healing in a timely fashion without complication and with a diminished need to harvest bone from a secondary operative site. Nonetheless, controlled prospective trials are needed to confirm the comparative effectiveness of DBM and to quantitate the benefits of avoiding secondary site autologous bone harvesting. Notwithstanding the known deleterious effects of certain processing steps, current commercial demineralization processes vary widely and use ancillary procedures aimed at attenuating potential residual antigens and pathogens. While some of these procedures may improve or facilitate graft performance (eg, lipid and lipoprotein removal with detergents), others may be deleterious (eg, sterilization with radiation or ethylene oxide) (Table 1). Therefore, it is important that DBM be processed using methods that consistently establish conditions known to preserve DBM's documented osteoinductive potential and that authors appropriately identify processing methods known to have effects on graft performance. [References: 79] IS - 0147-7447 PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Review, Tutorial LG - English EM - 199909. <29> UI - 99278496 AU - Yang HS AU - Lang LA AU - Felton DA IN - Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea. yhsdent@chollian.net TI - Finite element stress analysis on the effect of splinting in fixed partial dentures. SO - Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1999 Jun;81(6):721-8 JC - jsv, JSV SB - D CP - United States MH - Alveolar Bone Loss/pp [Physiopathology] MH - Alveolar Process/ah [Anatomy & Histology] MH - Alveolar Process/ph [Physiology] MH - Bicuspid/ph [Physiology] MH - Bite Force MH - Cuspid/ph [Physiology] MH - *Dental Abutments MH - Dentin/ph [Physiology] MH - *Denture Design MH - *Denture, Partial, Fixed MH - Elasticity MH - *Finite Element Analysis MH - Human MH - Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/rh [Rehabilitation] MH - Molar/ph [Physiology] MH - Periodontium/ah [Anatomy & Histology] MH - Periodontium/ph [Physiology] MH - Stress, Mechanical MH - Tooth Cervix/ph [Physiology] AB - STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Long-span fixed partial dentures usually require splinting of multiple abutments to overcome mechanical problems associated with the long edentulous span. Most information and indications for the use of multiple splinted abutments have been empirically derived. PURPOSE: This study analyzed the stress levels in the teeth and supporting structures of a fixed prosthesis and ascertained how the addition of multiple abutments in a fixed prosthesis modifies the stresses and their deflection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The finite element method was used to analyze mechanical behaviors of a prosthesis and its supporting structures when a fixed prosthesis with several designs replaced a mandibular second premolar and a first molar. Variations of the standard finite element model were made by changing the number of splinted teeth and the level of bone support. RESULTS: A reduction of stress and deflection was observed in the supporting structures when a fixed partial denture was fabricated and teeth were splinted together. Increasing the number of splinted abutments did not reveal a proportional reduction of stress in the periodontium. Stress concentrations were seen in the connectors of prosthesis and in the cervical dentin area near the edentulous ridge. CONCLUSION: Increasing the number of the splinted abutment did not compensate for the mechanical problems of a long-span fixed partial denture sufficiently. IS - 0022-3913 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199909. <30> UI - 99213091 AU - Shintani S AU - Okamoto A AU - Yoshida-Minami I AU - Sobue S AU - Ooshima T IN - Osaka University Faculty of Dentistry, Japan. TI - Dentin malformation with alveolar bone loss and periapical abscess formation. [Review] [10 refs] SO - Pediatric Dentistry 1999 Mar-Apr;21(2):130-4 JC - pan, PAN SB - D CP - United States MH - *Alveolar Bone Loss/di [Diagnosis] MH - Alveolar Bone Loss/th [Therapy] MH - Case Report MH - Child MH - Dental Plaque/mi [Microbiology] MH - Dental Pulp Necrosis/di [Diagnosis] MH - Dental Pulp Necrosis/th [Therapy] MH - *Dentin/ab [Abnormalities] MH - Dentin/ra [Radiography] MH - Dentin/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Gingivitis/di [Diagnosis] MH - Gingivitis/th [Therapy] MH - Human MH - Male MH - Microradiography MH - *Periapical Abscess/di [Diagnosis] MH - Periapical Abscess/th [Therapy] MH - Radiography, Panoramic MH - Root Canal Therapy MH - Tooth Extraction IS - 0164-1263 PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Review of Reported Cases LG - English EM - 199907. <31> UI - 99170861 AU - De Aza PN AU - Luklinska ZB AU - Anseau MR AU - Guitian F AU - De Aza S IN - Instituto de Ceramica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain. cepiedad@uscmail.usc.es TI - Bioactivity of pseudowollastonite in human saliva. SO - Journal of Dentistry 1999 Feb;27(2):107-13 JC - hx1, HX1 SB - D CP - England MH - Body Temperature MH - Bone and Bones/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Bone Regeneration MH - *Calcium Compounds/ch [Chemistry] MH - Comparative Study MH - Crystallization MH - Crystallography MH - Dentin/ul [Ultrastructure] MH - Durapatite/ch [Chemistry] MH - Human MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MH - Microscopy, Electron MH - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning MH - Parotid Gland MH - Precipitation MH - *Saliva/ch [Chemistry] MH - Saliva, Artificial/ch [Chemistry] MH - Salivary Proteins/ch [Chemistry] MH - *Silicates/ch [Chemistry] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - X-Ray Diffraction AB - OBJECTIVES: Pseudowollastonite (CaO.SiO2) was found to be bioactive in a simulated body fluid environment. In the present study, 'in vitro' bioactivity of pseudowollastonite was further assessed in human parotid saliva. The main objective was to compare behaviour of the material in a natural medium of high protein content (human parotid saliva) with its behaviour in an acellular protein-free solution (simulated body fluid). METHODS: Samples of polycrystalline pseudowollastonite were immersed for one month in human parotid saliva at 37 degrees C. Changes in ionic concentrations in the human parotid saliva and the pH right at the interface of pseudowollastonite/human parotid saliva were determined. The products of the interfacial reactions were studied by thin-film X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: The results confirmed formation of a hydroxyapatite-like layer on the surface of the material, and also suggested that the mechanism of hydroxyapatite-like layer formation in saliva was similar to that showed in simulated body fluid. CONCLUSIONS: The hydroxyapatite-like layer formed at the interface was found to be compact, continuous and composed of many small crystallites with ultrastructure similar to that of natural cortical bone and dentine. The study also concluded that the high pH conditions (10.32) existing right at the pseudowollastonite/human parotid saliva interface promoted hydroxyapatite-like precipitation. At this stage of the study, similarities of the material behaviour in saliva and acellular simulated body fluid suggest that the pseudowollastonite could be of interest in specific periodontal applications for bone restorative purposes. RN - 0 (Calcium Compounds) RN - 0 (Saliva, Artificial) RN - 0 (Salivary Proteins) RN - 0 (Silicates) RN - 1306-06-5 (Durapatite) RN - 1344-95-2 (calcium silicate) IS - 0300-5712 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199906. <32> UI - 99116995 AU - Kelly CG AU - Younson JS AU - Hikmat BY AU - Todryk SM AU - Czisch M AU - Haris PI AU - Flindall IR AU - Newby C AU - Mallet AI AU - Ma JK AU - Lehner T IN - Department of Immunology, United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK. c.kelly@umds.ac.uk TI - A synthetic peptide adhesion epitope as a novel antimicrobial agent [see comments]. CM - Comment in: Nat Biotechnol 1999 Jan;17(1):20 SO - Nature Biotechnology 1999 Jan;17(1):42-7 JC - cq3, CQ3 CP - United States MH - Actinomyces/de [Drug Effects] MH - Actinomyces/ip [Isolation & Purification] MH - Administration, Topical MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - *Anti-Infective Agents/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Anti-Infective Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - *Bacterial Adhesion/de [Drug Effects] MH - Bacterial Proteins/de [Drug Effects] MH - Bacterial Proteins/me [Metabolism] MH - Cariostatic Agents/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Cariostatic Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Dental Caries/mi [Microbiology] MH - Dental Caries/pc [Prevention & Control] MH - Dental Plaque/mi [Microbiology] MH - Epitopes/me [Metabolism] MH - Human MH - Immune Sera/an [Analysis] MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed MH - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance MH - Peptides/ge [Genetics] MH - *Peptides/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Peptides/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ge [Genetics] MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Recombinant Proteins/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Streptococcal Infections/pc [Prevention & Control] MH - Streptococcus mutans/de [Drug Effects] MH - Streptococcus mutans/ph [Physiology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Tooth/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Tooth/mi [Microbiology] AB - The earliest step in microbial infection is adherence by specific microbial adhesins to the mucosa of the oro-intestinal, nasorespiratory, or genitourinary tract. We inhibited binding of a cell surface adhesin of Streptococcus mutans to salivary receptors in vitro, as measured by surface plasmon resonance, using a synthetic peptide (p1025) corresponding to residues 1025-1044 of the adhesin. Two residues within p1025 that contribute to binding (Q1025, E1037) were identified by site-directed mutagenesis. In an in vivo human streptococcal adhesion model, direct application of p1025 to the teeth prevented recolonization of S. mutans but not Actinomyces, as compared with a control peptide or saline. This novel antimicrobial strategy, applying competitive peptide inhibitors of adhesion, may be used against other microorganisms in which adhesins mediate colonization of mucosal surfaces. RN - 0 (streptococcal cell surface antigen I-II) RN - 0 (Anti-Infective Agents) RN - 0 (Bacterial Proteins) RN - 0 (Cariostatic Agents) RN - 0 (Epitopes) RN - 0 (Immune Sera) RN - 0 (Peptides) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) IS - 1087-0156 PT - Clinical Trial PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199905. <33> UI - 99111484 AU - Bushinsky DA AU - Neumann KJ AU - Asplin J AU - Krieger NS IN - Nephrology Unit, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, and the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. TI - Alendronate decreases urine calcium and supersaturation in genetic hypercalciuric rats. SO - Kidney International 1999 Jan;55(1):234-43 JC - kvb, KVB, KVB CP - United States MH - *Alendronate/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Ammonium Compounds/ur [Urine] MH - Animal MH - Bone Resorption/dt [Drug Therapy] MH - Bone Resorption/ur [Urine] MH - *Calcium/ur [Urine] MH - Calcium Oxalate/ur [Urine] MH - Calcium Phosphates/ur [Urine] MH - Calcium, Dietary/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Creatinine/ur [Urine] MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Female MH - Human MH - *Kidney Calculi/dt [Drug Therapy] MH - Kidney Calculi/ge [Genetics] MH - *Kidney Calculi/ur [Urine] MH - Magnesium/ur [Urine] MH - Male MH - Phosphorus/ur [Urine] MH - Rats MH - Rats, Mutant Strains MH - Rats, Sprague-Dawley MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. AB - BACKGROUND: The mechanism of excess urine calcium excretion in human idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) has not been determined but may be secondary to enhanced intestinal calcium absorption, decreased renal calcium reabsorption, and/or enhanced bone demineralization. We have developed a strain of genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rats as an animal model of human IH. When these GHS rats are placed on a low-calcium diet (LCD), urinary calcium (UCa) excretion exceeds dietary calcium intake, suggesting that bone may contribute to the excess UCa excretion. We used the GHS rats to test the hypothesis that bone contributes to the persistent IH when they are fed an LCD by determining if alendronate (Aln), which inhibits bone resorption, would decrease UCa excretion. METHODS: GHS rats (N = 16) and the parent strain (Ctl, N = 16) were fed 13 g/day of a normal (1.2%) calcium diet (NCD) for seven days and were then switched to a LCD (0. 02%) for seven days. Ctl and GHS rats in each group were then continued on LCD for an additional seven days, with or without injection of Aln (50 micrograms/kg/24 hrs). UCa excretion was measured daily during the last five days of each seven-day period. To determine the effects of Aln on urine supersaturation, the experiment was repeated. All relevant ions were measured, and supersaturation with respect to calcium oxalate and calcium hydrogen phosphate was determined at the end of each period. RESULTS: UCa was greater in GHS than in Ctl on NCD (7.4 +/- 0.5 mg/24 hrs vs. 1.2 +/- 0.1, GHS vs. Ctl, P < 0.01) and on LCD (3.9 +/- 0.2 mg/24 hrs vs. 0. 7 +/- 0.1, GHS vs. Ctl, P < 0.01). LCD provides 2.6 mg of calcium/24 hrs, indicating that GHS rats are excreting more calcium than they are consuming. On LCD, Aln caused a significant decrease in UCa in GHS rats and brought GHS UCa well below calcium intake. Aln caused a marked decrease in calcium oxalate and calcium hydrogen phosphate supersaturation. CONCLUSION: Thus, on a LCD, there is a significant contribution of bone calcium to the increased UCa in this model of IH. Aln is effective in decreasing both UCa and supersaturation. The Aln-induced decrease in urine supersaturation should be beneficial in preventing stone formation in humans, if these results, observed in a short-term study using the hypercalciuric stone-forming rat can be confirmed in longer term human studies. RN - 0 (Ammonium Compounds) RN - 0 (Calcium Phosphates) RN - 0 (Calcium, Dietary) RN - 10103-46-5 (calcium phosphate) RN - 25454-23-3 (Calcium Oxalate) RN - 60-27-5 (Creatinine) RN - 66376-36-1 (Alendronate) RN - 7439-95-4 (Magnesium) RN - 7440-70-2 (Calcium) RN - 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) IS - 0085-2538 PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - AR 39906 (NIAMS), DK 47631 (NIDDK) EM - 199904. <34> UI - 99117676 AU - Krall EA AU - Garvey AJ AU - Garcia RI IN - VA Outpatient Clinic, Boston, USA. TI - Alveolar bone loss and tooth loss in male cigar and pipe smokers. SO - Journal of the American Dental Association 1999 Jan;130(1):57-64 JC - h5j, H5J SB - D CP - United States MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Alveolar Bone Loss/et [Etiology] MH - Comparative Study MH - Confidence Intervals MH - Demography MH - Dental Calculus/et [Etiology] MH - Dental Plaque Index MH - Disease Progression MH - DMF Index MH - Gingival Hemorrhage/et [Etiology] MH - Human MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Oral Hygiene MH - Periodontal Diseases/et [Etiology] MH - Periodontal Pocket/et [Etiology] MH - Risk Factors MH - *Smoking/ae [Adverse Effects] MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MH - *Tooth Loss/et [Etiology] MH - Tooth Mobility/et [Etiology] AB - BACKGROUND: While cigarette smoking is recognized as being detrimental to oral health, the effects of cigar and pipe smoking on tooth-loss risk, alveolar bone loss and periodontal disease are not known. The authors conducted this study to determine whether cigar and pipe smokers were at greater risk of experiencing tooth loss and alveolar bone loss than were nonsmokers. METHODS: The authors studied 690 dentate men who participate in the Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study. Subjects are not VA patients, and they receive medical and dental care in the private sector. A board-certified periodontist conducted clinical examinations triennially for 23 years. These examinations included the number of teeth remaining, number of decayed and filled surfaces per tooth, and indicator scores for plaque, calculus, pocket probing depth, gingival bleeding and tooth mobility. Alveolar bone loss was assessed at each examination on intraoral periapical radiographs using the Schei ruler method, which measures loss of bone height in 20 percent increments. Multivariate analyses of tooth-loss rates and alveolar bone loss controlled for demographic and oral hygiene measures. RESULTS: The relative risk, or RR, of tooth loss compared with that of nonsmokers was significantly elevated in cigar smokers (RR = 1.3, 95 percent confidence interval, or CI, = 1.2, 1.5), pipe smokers (RR = 1.6, 95 percent CI = 1.4, 1.9) and cigarette smokers (RR = 1.6, 95 percent CI = 1.5, 1.7). The percentages of mesial and distal sites with moderate-to-severe progression of alveolar bone loss (a change of 40 percent or more from baseline) were 8 +/- 1 percent (mean +/- standard error) in nonsmokers, 16 +/- 3 percent in cigar smokers (P < .05), 13 +/- 4 percent in pipe smokers (P = .17), and 16 +/- 3 percent in cigarette smokers (P < .001). Pipe and cigar smokers did not differ significantly from nonsmokers with respect to the percentage of sites at baseline with moderate-to-severe scores for calculus, pocket probing depth, gingival bleeding or tooth mobility. Pipe smokers had fewer sites with moderate-to-severe plaque accumulation than did nonsmokers (7 +/- 11 vs. 13 +/- 17, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that men who smoke cigars or pipes were at increased risk of experiencing tooth loss. Cigar smokers also were at increased risk of experiencing alveolar bone loss. These elevations in risk are similar in magnitude to those observed in cigarette smokers. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The increases in risk related to cigar and pipe smoking provide a strong rationale for targeting smoking prevention and smoking cessation programs to smokers of all tobacco products. IS - 0002-8177 PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - DA 10073 (NIDA) EM - 199904. <35> UI - 99449274 AU - Sakurai K AU - Okiji T AU - Suda H IN - Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan. TI - Co-increase of nerve fibers and HLA-DR- and/or factor-XIIIa-expressing dendritic cells in dentinal caries-affected regions of the human dental pulp: an immunohistochemical study. SO - Journal of Dental Research 1999 Oct;78(10):1596-608 JC - hyv, HYV SB - D CP - United States MH - Comparative Study MH - *Dendritic Cells/im [Immunology] MH - Dendritic Cells/me [Metabolism] MH - Densitometry/is [Instrumentation] MH - Densitometry/mt [Methods] MH - Densitometry/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data] MH - *Dental Caries/im [Immunology] MH - Dental Caries/me [Metabolism] MH - *Dental Pulp/im [Immunology] MH - Dental Pulp/me [Metabolism] MH - *Dentin/im [Immunology] MH - Dentin/me [Metabolism] MH - Human MH - *HLA-DR Antigens/im [Immunology] MH - HLA-DR Antigens/me [Metabolism] MH - Immunoenzyme Techniques/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data] MH - Immunohistochemistry MH - Mandible MH - Maxilla MH - Molar MH - *Nerve Fibers/im [Immunology] MH - Nerve Fibers/me [Metabolism] MH - Neuroimmunomodulation/im [Immunology] MH - *Protein-Glutamine gamma-Glutamyltransferase/im [Immunology] MH - Protein-Glutamine gamma-Glutamyltransferase/me [Metabolism] MH - Statistics, Nonparametric MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB - Neuro-immune interaction has been suggested to play some modulatory role in the immunodefense of the dentin/pulp complex. In this study, we performed a simultaneous immunohistochemical observation of neural elements and pulpal dendritic cells (PDCs) on human carious teeth, to obtain morphological evidence for neuro-immune interaction in response to dentinal tubule-derived carious stimuli. Human third molars bearing a pulp-exposure-free caries lesion were studied. Immunoperoxidase staining was performed with anti-HLA-DR, anti-coagulation factor XIIIa, and anti-CD14 as PDC markers, and anti-low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR), anti-protein gene products 9.5, and anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide as nerve markers. The carious teeth usually exhibited localized accumulation of both PDCs and nerve fibers immunoreactive to each marker, in the para-odontoblastic region corresponding to the pulpal end of carious dentinal tubules. Semi-quantitative digital densitometry revealed that pixel numbers corresponding to factor-XIIIa- and NGFR-immunoreactivity were significantly higher in the carious regions than those in the non-carious regions of the same teeth as well as those in the corresponding regions of intact teeth. Classification of specimens with respect to caries depth showed that the co-increase was most apparent in teeth with superficial caries. The increase of PDCs was less pronounced in carious teeth with reparative dentin. These findings suggest that both pulpal nerves and PDCs respond promptly and actively to dentinal tubule-derived carious stimuli. The synchronized accumulation of the two structures suggests an increased opportunity for neuro-immune interaction that may be of significance in the modulation of pathological processes in the dental pulp. RN - EC 2-3-2-13 (Protein-Glutamine gamma-Glutamyltransferase) RN - 0 (HLA-DR Antigens) IS - 0022-0345 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 200001. <36> UI - 99046970 AU - Hsueh EC AU - Famatiga E AU - Gupta RK AU - Qi K AU - Morton DL IN - Sonya Valley Ghidossi Vaccine Laboratory, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California 90404, USA. TI - Enhancement of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (CancerVax): correlation with survival [see comments]. CM - Comment in: Ann Surg Oncol 1998 Oct-Nov;5(7):565-6 SO - Annals of Surgical Oncology 1998 Oct-Nov;5(7):595-602 JC - b9r CP - United States MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - *Cancer Vaccines/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - *Complement/im [Immunology] MH - *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Female MH - Human MH - Male MH - *Melanoma/im [Immunology] MH - Melanoma/pa [Pathology] MH - *Melanoma/th [Therapy] MH - Middle Age MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - *Skin Neoplasms/im [Immunology] MH - Skin Neoplasms/pa [Pathology] MH - *Skin Neoplasms/th [Therapy] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MH - Survival Analysis MH - Tumor Cells, Cultured AB - BACKGROUND: Case control studies have demonstrated that administration of CancerVax, a polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (PMCV), after complete resection of melanoma metastases produces a significant improvement in disease-free survival (DFS). Because PMCV has no direct cytotoxic effect on melanoma cells, the authors hypothesized that it prolongs survival by enhancing antibody-mediated antimelanoma cytotoxicity. METHODS: One hundred melanoma patients participating in a trial of PMCV adjuvant therapy following complete resection of regional node metastases were randomly selected for study. Serum samples obtained immediately before (T0) and 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after initiation of PMCV adjuvant therapy were adsorbed with L-14 lymphoblastoid cells and then tested for in vitro complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against M-14 cells, a melanoma cell line not used in PMCV. CDC was expressed as percentage of total cells (n = 10,000) killed. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Statistical analysis was performed by the signed rank sum test, Spearman test, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS: Median CDC at T0 was 4.5% (range, 0% to 40%). Within 16 weeks after initiation of PMCV therapy, CDC had increased in 82 (82%) patients. The median increase of 7.5% (range, -9% to 39%) represented a highly significant change (signed rank sum test; P = .0001). At a median follow-up of 29 months (range, 6 to 92 months), the maximum increase in CDC (deltaCDC) as a continuous variable was significantly correlated with DFS (P = .0001). Median survival and 5-year DFS were more than 54 months and less than 54%, respectively, for patients with deltaCDC > or =10% (n = 44) but only 7 months and 14%, respectively, for those with deltaCDC <10% (n = 56; P = .0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed deltaCDC as the most significant independent variable associated with DFS following initiation of PMCV therapy (P = .0001). CONCLUSION: PMCV therapy greatly enhances serum CDC against melanoma cells. This enhancement is directly correlated with DFS following initiation of vaccine therapy. RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 9007-36-7 (Complement) IS - 1068-9265 PT - Journal Article LG - English NO - CA 12582 (NCI) EM - 199904. <37> UI - 99069290 AU - Senpuku H AU - Yanagi K AU - Nisizawa T IN - Department of Oral Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan. TI - Identification of Streptococcus mutans PAc peptide motif binding with human MHC class II molecules (DRB1*0802, *1101, *1401 and *1405). SO - Immunology 1998 Nov;95(3):322-30 JC - gh7, GH7 SB - C CP - England MH - Adult MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Antigens, Bacterial/ch [Chemistry] MH - *Antigens, Bacterial/im [Immunology] MH - Antigens, Bacterial/me [Metabolism] MH - Bacterial Proteins/ch [Chemistry] MH - *Bacterial Proteins/im [Immunology] MH - Bacterial Proteins/me [Metabolism] MH - Cell Division/im [Immunology] MH - Cell Line MH - Human MH - *HLA-DR Antigens/im [Immunology] MH - HLA-DR Antigens/me [Metabolism] MH - Middle Age MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Peptide Fragments/im [Immunology] MH - Peptide Fragments/me [Metabolism] MH - *Streptococcus/im [Immunology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - T-Lymphocytes/im [Immunology] MH - Vaccines, Synthetic AB - A surface protein antigen (PAc) of Streptococcus mutans, in particular the A-region of this PAc molecule, has been noted as a possible target in research for an effective dental caries vaccine. To identify the antigenic peptide binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (HLA-DR) molecules in the A-region, we prepared a panel of overlapping synthetic peptides in the second unit of the A-region, and established that a simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) binding assay could be achieved by incubating the DR-crude. Binding to DR molecules of these peptides from nine donors was investigated by using the ELISA binding assay. It was revealed that the PAc(316-334) peptide bound more strongly to the HLA-DR molecule in seven out of nine subjects. In particular, DR8 (DRB1*0802), DR5 (DRB1*1101) and DR6 (DRB1*1402 and *1405), which bound strongly to PAc(316-334) peptide, were identified. Moreover, we synthesized glycine-substituted peptide analogues of the peptide and examined the binding motif of the binding region. As a result, the multiple binding motif in DR8, DR5 and DR6 was found in L-RV-K-A. It is suggested that a peptide vaccine for dental caries that is more effective for humans, with fewer adverse side-effects, could be designed by combining the multiple binding motif with the B-cell epitope to produce only the inhibiting antibody against dental caries. The peptide could therefore be useful for peptide vaccine development in the general human population. RN - 0 (streptococcal cell surface antigen I-II) RN - 0 (Antigens, Bacterial) RN - 0 (Bacterial Proteins) RN - 0 (HLA-DR Antigens) RN - 0 (Peptide Fragments) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Synthetic) RN - 128338-86-3 (HLA-DRB1) IS - 0019-2805 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199904. <38> UI - 99039077 AU - Pongrac JL AU - Rylett RJ IN - Department of Physiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. TI - Optimization of serum-free culture conditions for growth of embryonic rat cholinergic basal forebrain neurons. SO - Journal of Neuroscience Methods 1998 Oct 1;84(1-2):69-76 JC - k9v, K9V CP - Netherlands MH - Animal MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Cell Culture/mt [Methods] MH - Cell Division/de [Drug Effects] MH - *Choline O-Acetyltransferase/me [Metabolism] MH - Culture Media, Serum-Free MH - Embryo MH - Human MH - Immunohistochemistry MH - *Nerve Growth Factors/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Nerve Growth Factors/ph [Physiology] MH - Nerve Tissue Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Neurites/de [Drug Effects] MH - Neurites/ph [Physiology] MH - *Neurons/cy [Cytology] MH - Neurons/de [Drug Effects] MH - Neurons/en [Enzymology] MH - *Prosencephalon/cy [Cytology] MH - Prosencephalon/em [Embryology] MH - Rats MH - Rats, Sprague-Dawley MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't AB - The objective of the present study was to optimize conditions for culturing embryonic rat basal forebrain neurons in serum-free defined medium to be used in investigations of cholinergic neuron function and responsiveness to neurotrophic factors. It was determined that a combination of neurobasal medium (NB) and DMEM/F12 medium (DM:F12) maintained culture viability, basal choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and responsiveness of these neurons to nerve growth factor (NGF) better than growth of neurons in either medium alone; all media tested contained N2 supplements. While NB which was developed initially for culturing embryonic rat hippocampal neurons supported the growth of basal forebrain neurons, they had reduced ChAT activity and did not respond to NGF with enhanced cholinergic neuronal enzyme activity. On the other hand, DM:F12 did not consistently support survival of the neurons until assay of ChAT activity on day 6 in vitro; surviving cultures were compromised in their cholinergic capacity either under basal or NGF-enhanced conditions. Cultures grown in the combined media responded to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), but not ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), at concentrations up to 100 ng/ml with increased ChAT activity as predicted from the literature. These findings suggest that the nutrient composition of the medium is important in promoting expression of the cholinergic neuronal phenotype and that growth factor supplementation alone is insufficient to compensate for inadequate nutrient composition. RN - EC 2-3-1-6 (Choline O-Acetyltransferase) RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Culture Media, Serum-Free) RN - 0 (Nerve Growth Factors) RN - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) IS - 0165-0270 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199903. <39> UI - 99048340 AU - Arvio P AU - Arvio M AU - Wolf J AU - Lukinmaa PL AU - Saxen L AU - Pirinen S IN - Lammi Health Care Centre, Helsinki, Finland. TI - Impaired oral health in patients with aspartylglucosaminuria. SO - Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, & Endodontics 1998 Nov;86(5):562-8 JC - ca5, CA5 SB - D CP - United States MH - Acetylglucosamine/ur [Urine] MH - Adolescence MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Alveolar Bone Loss/ra [Radiography] MH - *Aspartylglucosylaminase/df [Deficiency] MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Dental Caries/et [Etiology] MH - DMF Index MH - Female MH - Finland MH - Human MH - *Lysosomal Storage Diseases/co [Complications] MH - Male MH - Middle Age MH - *Mouth Diseases/et [Etiology] MH - Mouth Neoplasms/et [Etiology] MH - Odontogenic Tumors/et [Etiology] MH - Oral Hygiene Index MH - Periodontal Diseases/et [Etiology] MH - Periodontal Index MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Tooth Loss/et [Etiology] AB - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the oral health of patients with aspartylglucosaminuria, a heritable lysosomal storage disorder, and to recommend guidelines for treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-two patients with aspartylglucosaminuria and 122 control subjects were examined clinically; in addition, panoramic radiographs were evaluated in 61 patients with aspartylglucosaminuria and 61 control subjects. RESULTS: High prevalences of caries, gingivitis, and oral Candida (P < .001), extensive gingival overgrowths (18%; P < .001), benign odontogenic tumors or tumorlike lesions (8%; P = .057), reduced maxillary sinuses (P < .001), limited mouth opening (P < .001), and food retention in the mouth (45%) were the major oral findings that distinguished the patients with aspartylglucosaminuria from the control subjects. Adults with aspartylglucosaminuria had diverse oral health problems, early loss of several permanent teeth being the most disabling feature. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with aspartylglucosaminuria appear to be at a higher risk for a number of oral disorders; however, poor oral hygiene and failure to cooperate increase these patients' risk of dental and periodontal diseases, making successful prevention crucial. RN - EC 3-5-1-26 (Aspartylglucosylaminase) RN - 7512-17-6 (Acetylglucosamine) IS - 1079-2104 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199903. <40> UI - 99069838 AU - Currey JD IN - Department of Biology, University of York. TI - Mechanical properties of vertebrate hard tissues. SO - Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H - Journal of Engineering in Medicine 1998;212(6):399-411 JC - abj, ABJ CP - England MH - Aging/pa [Pathology] MH - Aging/ph [Physiology] MH - Animal MH - Birds MH - *Bone and Bones/ph [Physiology] MH - Bone Remodeling/ph [Physiology] MH - Cattle MH - Compressive Strength MH - *Dentin/ph [Physiology] MH - Dogs MH - Elasticity MH - Fractures/et [Etiology] MH - Fractures/pp [Physiopathology] MH - Human MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - Tensile Strength MH - *Vertebrates/ph [Physiology] IS - 0954-4119 PT - Journal Article LG - English EM - 199903. <41> UI - 99051089 AU - Larrick JW AU - Yu L AU - Chen J AU - Jaiswal S AU - Wycoff K IN - Palo Alto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. TI - Production of antibodies in transgenic plants. [Review] [40 refs] SO - Research in Immunology 1998 Jul-Aug;149(6):603-8 JC - r6e CP - France MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/ge [Genetics] MH - Bioreactors MH - Dental Caries/pc [Prevention & Control] MH - Human MH - IgA, Secretory/bi [Biosynthesis] MH - IgA, Secretory/tu [Therapeutic Use] MH - Immunotherapy MH - *Plants, Transgenic/ge [Genetics] MH - Plants, Transgenic/im [Immunology] MH - Plants, Transgenic/me [Metabolism] MH - *Recombinant Proteins/bi [Biosynthesis] AB - Plants offer a cost-effective bioreactor to produce antibodies of diverse types. Recent studies demonstrate that secretory IgA, the predominant antibody isotype of the mucosal immune system, can be made in large quantities in plants. CaroRx, the lead SIgA antibody being developed by Planet Biotechnology Inc., has demonstrated activity in pilot phase II trials versus S. mutans, the major pathogen contributing to development of dental caries. Numerous other SIgA plantibodies are in preclinical development. [References: 40] RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (IgA, Secretory) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) IS - 0923-2494 PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Review, Tutorial LG - English EM - 199903. <42> UI - 99109396 AU - Ike M AU - Urist MR IN - Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Department of Second Oral, Japan. TI - Recycled dentin root matrix for a carrier of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein. SO - Journal of Oral Implantology 1998;24(3):124-32 JC - kab SB - D CP - United States MH - Animal MH - Bone Matrix MH - *Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - *Dentin MH - *Drug Carriers MH - Human MH - Implants, Experimental MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Nude MH - *Osteogenesis/de [Drug Effects] MH - Recombinant Proteins/ad [Administration & Dosage] MH - Recombinant Proteins/pd [Pharmacology] MH - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MH - *Tooth Root AB - Dysfunctional teeth, donated by community dental clinics, were recycled for research on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in health and disease. The crown remnants were trimmed away, and the roots were washed in 70% alcohol, deminer