Database: EMBASE <: international biomedical and pharmaceutical literature, 1988 - May 2000. [Trial access until 3/2001. Feedback welcome to medical.library@umich.edu] Search Strategy (You Saved Citations 1-10 From Set 61): ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Strontium/ 1276 2 7440-24-6.rn. 1258 3 Strontium 82/ 13 4 Strontium 85/ 152 5 Strontium 89/ 353 6 Strontium 90/ 614 7 Strontium chloride/ 70 8 Gluconate strontium/ 1 9 strontium:.mp. 2624 10 or/1-9 2624 11 exp Tooth demineralization/ 7492 12 demineralization.mp. 879 13 caries.mp. 1798 14 caires.mp. 0 15 craies.mp. 0 16 careis.mp. 1 17 carise.mp. 0 18 (teeth adj3 cavit:).mp. 32 19 (tooth adj3 cavit:).mp. 97 20 (dental adj3 cavit:).mp. 85 21 (dentin adj3 cavit:).mp. 19 22 (enamel adj3 cavit:).mp. 10 23 (teeth adj3 decay:).mp. 58 24 (tooth adj3 decay:).mp. 58 25 (dental adj3 decay:).mp. 47 26 (dentin adj3 decay:).mp. 0 27 (enamel adj3 decay:).mp. 1 28 (active adj decay).mp. 5 29 (rampant adj3 decay:).mp. 4 30 (recurrent adj3 decay:).mp. 5 31 (white adj spot:).mp. 231 32 carious.mp. 109 33 cariology.ti,ab. 2 34 (non-cavitated adj3 lesion:).mp. 0 35 (noncavitated adj3 lesion:).mp. 1 36 Tooth remineralization/ 788 37 (dental adj3 fissure:).mp. 14 38 (tooth adj3 fissure:).mp. 8 39 (teeth adj3 fissure:).mp. 1 40 caries-free.mp. 29 41 cariesfree.mp. 0 42 Cariogenic agents/ 3 43 precavit:.mp. 2 44 (filled adj3 teeth).mp. 45 45 (filled adj3 tooth).mp. 9 46 (oral adj fissure:).mp. 17 47 (tooth adj3 remineraliz:).mp. 1 48 (teeth adj3 remineraliz:).mp. 5 49 dft.mp. 542 50 dfs.mp. 980 51 dmf:.mp. 1235 52 cariogeni:.mp. 164 53 or/11-52 12313 54 Saliva/ 2282 55 exp Salivary gland/ 5795 56 (saliva or salivary or parotid).mp. 16372 57 or/53-56 29129 58 10 and 57 24 59 limit 58 to human 14 60 from 59 keep 1-14 14 61 58 not 59 10 62 from 61 keep 1-10 10 *************************** <1> UI - 97245626 AU - Yamazaki K AU - Kawai Y AU - Inoue N AU - Shinano H IN - Dr. K. Yamazaki, Laboratory of Food Wholesomeness, Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041; Japan. E-Mail: yamasaki@pop.fish.hokudai.ac.jp. TI - Influence of sporulation medium and divalent ions on the heat resistance of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores. SO - Letters in Applied Microbiology Vol 25(2) (pp 153-156), 1997. AB - The influence of divalent cations on the heat resistance of spores of the thermoacidophilic spoilage bacterium Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris was studied. The heat resistance of A. acidoterrestris spores was not affected by the presence of the different divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, Mn2+ and Sr2+) in the sporulation medium, and by the demineralization or remineralization. And the Ca and Mn contents in A. acidoterrestris spores were scarcely changed by these treatments. However, the heat resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores was affected with the changes of Ca content in the spores. The Ca contents in A. acidoterrestris spores of the different forms were greater than the DPA content. In contrast, the DPA content in the B. subtilis spores was greater than the Ca content. These findings suggest that the presence of constant amount of Ca-DPA and a stronger binding characteristic of divalent ions, especially Ca and Mn, is reflected in the specific heat resistance of A. acidoterrestris spores. [References: 14] <2> UI - 96063705 AU - Fukushi Y AU - Suga S AU - Kamimura N AU - Wada J AU - Mio Y AU - Nishiyama A AU - Wakui M IN - Department of Physiology, Hirosaki Univ. School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036; Japan. TI - Stimulated Ca2+ entry activates Cl- currents after releasing Ca2+ from the intracellular store in submandibular gland cells of the rat. SO - Japanese Journal of Physiology Vol 45(6) (pp 1071-1085), 1995. AB - In order to examine whether Ca2+ entry is directly involved in controlling exocrine secretion, the Ca2+-activated Cl- currents were recorded in single and clusters of rat submandibular gland cells using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Extracellularly applied acetylcholine (ACh, 10 nM) as well as intracellularly applied GTPgammaS and InsP3 caused repetitive transients of the Cl- currents activated by intracellular Ca2+. These responses occurred also in the absence of external Ca2+, but disappeared after several minutes. Readmission of Ca2+ to the extracellular solution restored the repetitive current transients, while introduction of Sr2+ failed to restore the current signals in spite of the presence of Sr2+ entry detected by microfluorimetry. On the other hand, direct application of Sr2+ to the cell inside caused activation of the Cl- currents although less effectively than Ca2+. When Ca2+ was introduced to the extracellular solution during an interruption of ACh stimulation after the ACh-induced depletion of intracellular Ca2+ store, the Cl- current was not elicited. However, a subsequent challenge with ACh at the same concentration in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ caused repetitive transient Cl- currents. The results suggest that in this cell type the stimulated Ca2+ entry does not by itself activate the Cl- currents but activates them indirectly by triggering Ca2+ release from the intracellular Ca2+ store which may take up Ca2+ soon after the Ca2+ entry. <3> UI - 95300984 AU - Fukushi Y AU - Ozawa T AU - Wakui M AU - Nishiyama A IN - Department of Physiology, Tohoku Univ. School of Medicine, Sendai 980-77; Japan. TI - Sr2+ can pass through Ca2+ entry pathway activated by Ca2+ depletion, but can be hardly taken up by the Ca2+ stores in the rat salivary acinar cells. SO - Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine Vol 176(2) (pp 83-97), 1995. AB - When Sr2+ was introduced to the external solution after the depletion of Ca2+ from stores of submandibular acinar cells by ACh stimulation, Sr2+ entered cytoplasm of the cell, like the case of Ca2+. SK and F 96365, a Ca2+ channel blocker, or Ni2+ blocked this divalent cation entry. Sr2+ entering the cell continued to increase to a steady level, after the cessation of stimulation, when Sr2+ was present in the external solution, unlike the case of Ca2+. Ca2+ entered cells which had been stimulated with ACh in Sr2+-containing external solution. In the cells to which Sr2+ has been applied after the store depletion with ACh, Sr2+ cannot be released by the renewed ACh stimulation, unlike the case of Ca2+. 89Sr2+ uptake by the parotidic microsomal fraction 100 min after addition of ATP was 15.08 +/- 0.70 nmol/mg protein, whereas 45Ca2+ uptake was 144.19 +/- 16.93 nmol/mg protein. It was concluded that in the salivary acinar cells Sr2+ can be a substituent for Ca2+ in the mechanism of entry from the extracellular fluid but cannot be in the mechanism of uptake into the stores. <4> UI - 93178555 AU - Hopewell JW AU - Robbins MEC AU - Van den Aardweg GJMJ AU - Morris GM AU - Ross GA AU - Whitehouse E AU - Horrobin DF AU - Scott CA IN - CRC Normal Tissue Radiobiol Res Grp, Research Inst (University of Oxford), Churchill Hospital,Oxford OX3 7LJ; United Kingdom. TI - The modulation of radiation-induced damage to pig skin by essential fatty acids. SO - British Journal of Cancer Vol 68(1) (pp 1-7), 1993. AB - The ability of essential fatty acids (EFAs) to modulate radiation-induced normal tissue injury was assessed in pig skin. Female Large White pigs ( [similar] 25 Kg) received 3 ml/day orally of either an 'active' oil [So-1100, containing 9% gamma-linolenic acid (GLA)] or a 'placebo' oil (So-1129) for just 4 weeks before or for 4 weeks before and for 16 weeks after irradiation; localised irradiation of skin was with single doses of beta-rays from 22.5 mm diameter 90Sr/90Y plaques. The severity of the acute reaction, assessed in terms of erythema or moist desquamation, was significantly less in those pigs that received So-1100 both before and after irradiation, as compared with those receiving that oil only prior to irradiation and the 'placebo' groups. Dose modification factors (DMFs) of between 1.13-1.24 were obtained. A similar reduction in the severity of acute skin injury was seen in pigs receiving So-1100 for only 10 weeks after irradiation. Late skin damage, assessed in terms of late erythema or dermal necrosis, was also reduced with So-1100, with DMFs of 1.14-1.51. No such modification was observed if So-1100 was only administered for 4 weeks prior to irradiation. No adverse side-effects were apparent as a result of EFA administration. So-1100 may represent a safe and valuable method of increasing the therapeutic gain in radiotherapy. <5> UI - 92303263 AU - Kirkeby OJ AU - Pinholt E AU - Larsen TB IN - Institute for Surgical Research, University of Oslo,Oslo; Norway. TI - Fresh, frozen, or decalcified bone grafts: A study of early vascularisation and mineralisation of allogeneic and syngeneic bone grafts in rats. SO - Scandinavian Journal of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery & Hand Surgery Vol 26(2) (pp 141-145), 1992. AB - The incorporation of syngeneic and allogeneic bone grafts pretreated by freezing or demineralisation was studied in 10 rats. Fresh, decalcified, or frozen cancellous bone of syngeneic or allogeneic origin was transplanted to intramuscular pouches. Revascularisation was evaluated with radioactive microspheres; formation of new bone was assessed by incorporation of strontium, and resorption was assessed by measuring the reduction of graft weight. Three weeks after grafting, fresh syngeneic and allogeneic bone differed significantly in all three variables. Frozen syngeneic bone was revascularised significantly better than frozen allogeneic bone, but there was no difference in formation of new bone or resorption. There were no significant differences between syngeneic and allogeneic decalcified bone in any of the variables studied. We conclude that differences in incorporation between syngeneic and allogeneic bone grafts are reduced by pretreatment with deep-freezing or demineralisation. Both forms of pretreatment affect the incorporation of the grafts. <6> UI - 91158761 AU - Van den Aardweg GJMJ AU - Hopewell JW AU - Adams GE AU - Barnes DWH AU - Sansom JM AU - Stratford IJ AU - Nethersell ABW IN - CRC Normal Tissue Radiobiology Research Group, Research Institute (University of Oxford), Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ; United Kingdom. TI - Protection of pig epidermis against radiation-induced damage by the infusion of BW12C. SO - International Journal of Radiation Biology Vol 59(4) (pp 1039-1051), 1991. AB - BW12C, which was developed as an agent for the treatment of sickle cell anaemia, increases the binding of oxygen to haemoglobin and hence reduces the availability of oxygen to tissues. Due to these changes in oxygen availability BW12C could act as a protector against radiation-induced injury to normal tissues. In this study the potential value of BW12C, as a radioprotector, was studied in the irradiated epidermis of the pig. The infusion of BW12C caused an instant left shift of the oxygen dissociation curve, an effect that lasted for [similar] 1.5 h. This left shift in the oxygen dissociation curves increased with increasing dose of the drug. There appeared to be no long-term systemic effects produced by doses of 20-100 mg/kg of BW12C. In the first 90 min after the infusion of BW12C skin fields were irradiated with single doses of beta-rays from strontium-90 plaques. The incidence of moist desquamation was used as an endpoint for assessing the severity of the radiation response. With animals breathing [similar] 70% oxygen in the anaesthetic gas mixture, the ED50 values for moist desquamation were 30-31 Gy after a dose of 30 and 50 mg/kg, and 37-38 Gy for 75 and 100 mg/kg doses of BW12C. These ED50 values were significantly higher than the value of 27.3 Gy for radiation alone. This indicated dose modification factors (DMF) with mean vales of [similar] 1.13 and [similar] 1.40 for irradiation following the infusion of low (30-50 mg/kg) and high (75-100 mg/kg) doses of the drug, respectively. With the animals breathing air ( [similar] 21% of oxygen) in the 2% halothane anaesthesia gas mixture, irradiation in the presence of 30 and 50 mg/kg of BW12C resulted in ED50 values of [similar] 39 Gy for moist desquamation, which was significantly higher than the value of 31.2 Gy for radiation alone. Surprisingly, a higher dose of 75 mg/kg of BW12C resulted in a lower ED50 value for moist desquamation of 34.38 Gy. Irradiation in the presence of a dose of 100 mg/kg of BW12C produced an ED50 value which was not significantly different from that for radiation alone. In the situation where animals were breathing air ( [similar] 21% oxygen) during irradiation a DMF of 1.14 was obtained for irradiation alone, when the results were compared with those for irradiation alone with [similar] 70% oxygen in the anaesthetic gas mixture. When this 'air component' is taken into account DMF values of [similar] 1.3 were obtained for 30 and 50 mg/kg of BW12C, whereas for 75 and 100 mg/kg of BW12C this was reduced to 1.11 and 1.0 respectively. These modifications in the sensitivity of the epidermis for irradiation in the presence of various doses of BW12C were not uniform over the flank skin of the pig. For all doses of BW12C used, the skin fields positioned dorsally on the flank always showed a reduced radiosensitivity when compared with the ventrally positioned skin sites. This suggested a better physiological compensation for the effect produced by the drug in the ventral area of the flank skin. A similar variation in the radiosensitivity over the flank was noted for radiation alone when pigs were breathing air ( [similar] 21% oxygen) in the anaesthetic gas mixture. Only when animals were breathing [similar] 70% oxygen in the anaesthetic gas mixture was the radiose <7> UI - 90136515 AU - Mellberg JR AU - Fletcher R IN - Colgate-Palmolive Company, 909 River road, Piscataway, NJ 08854; United States of America. TI - Effect of a strontium complex on fluoride uptake by artificial caries lesions and sound enamel in vitro. SO - Caries Research Vol 24(2) (pp 93-96), 1990. <8> UI - 90076233 AU - Wroblewski J AU - Sagstrom S AU - Mulders H AU - Roomans GM IN - Department of Medical Cell Genetics, Karolinska Institutet, S-104 01 Stockholm; Sweden. TI - Strontium and bromide as tracers in X-ray microanalysis of biological tissue. SO - Scanning Microscopy Vol 3(3) (pp 861-864), 1989. AB - Since energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis cannot distingish between isotopes of the same element, alternative methods have to be used to get information similar to that obtained in experiments with radioactive tracers. In the present study, strontium was used as a tracer for calcium, and bromide as a tracer for chloride. Rats were injected with strontium chloride in vivo, and the uptake of strontium in the acinar cells of the submandibular gland was studied. Eventually a Sr/Ca ratio of 0.3 was reached. In some animals, secretion of mucus had been elicited by stimulation with isoproterenol 4 h prior to injection of strontium chloride. Exchange of calcium for strontium was enhanced by prior injection with isoproterenol. In a second experiment, rats were injected with sodium bromide, and the uptake of bromide by the submandibular acinar cells was followed in time, both in pilocarpine-stimulated and unstimulated glands. Under the experimental conditions, bromide was rapidly taken up by the cells, and the cellular Br/Cl ratio was close to that found in serum. Submandibular glands take up by Br somewhat faster than other tissues (liver, heart muscle, skeletal muscle). The uptake of Br in pancreatic acinar cells was studied in vitro. These experiments showed a 1:1 ratio (molar) exchange of Cl for Br. <9> UI - 89137253 AU - Van Den Aardweg GJMJ AU - Hopewell JW AU - Barnes DWH AU - Sansom JM AU - Nethersell ABW IN - CRC Normal Tissue Radiobiology Research Group, Research Institute, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford; United Kingdom. TI - Modification of the radiation response of pig skin by manipulation of tissue oxygen tension using anesthetics and administration of BW12C. SO - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics Vol 16(5) (pp 1191-1194), 1989. AB - The importance of tissue oxygen tension on radiosensitivity was studied by examining modifications in the incidence of moist desquamation in pig skin after irradiation with strontium-90 plaques. The effects were analyzed using quantal dose-response data and comparisons were made using ED50 values for moist desquamation. Under standard anesthetic conditions of 2% halothane, [similar] 70% oxygen, and [similar] 30% nitrous oxide, the ED50 value (+/-SE) for moist desquamation was 27.32 +/- 0.52 Gy with no significant variation in radiosensitivity between dorsal, lateral, and ventral skin sites on the flank. Irradiation with 2% halothane and air increased the ED50 to 31.25 +/- 0.94 Gy, primarily due to an increased radioresistance of the dorsal sites. When combined with BW12C, a drug which binds oxygen selectively to hemoglobin and hence reduced the oxygen availability to tissues, a further increase in the ED50 values was observed. This was [similar] 39 Gy with BW12C concentrations of 30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg b.w. of BW12C, indicating a dose modification factor (DMF) of [similar] 1.26. However, when animals were breathing the standard gas mixture, this DMF was reduced to 1.15 for 30 mg/kg of BW12C, indicating that a higher level of oxygen partly counteracted the effects of the drug in these studies with BW12C. The greatest variability in radiosensitivity was seen in the dorsal fields. This suggested complex physiological adaptation, a phenomenon that might also explain the absence of any modification of the radiation response when 100 mg/kg of BW12C was used. <10> UI - 88065384 AU - Curzon MEJ IN - Department of Oral Biology, Eastman Dental Center, Rochester, NY 14620; United States of America. TI - Effects of a combination of strontium and fluoride on dental caries in the rat. SO - Nutrition Research Vol 8(3) (pp 321-326), 1988. AB - Concentrations of strontium (Sr) at 0.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 and 30.0 ugSr/10g body weight plus 10 ugF/10g body weight were given by intubation during molar development. After weaning all rats were given 0, 5, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg/l together with fluoride (F) at 10 mg/l, in drinking water after tooth eruption with a caries promoting diet. The trace element concentrations were based upon those found to reduce caries prevalence in human studies. Results showed a reduction in smooth surface dental caries by the Sr+F over and above that of F alone. A curvilinear relationship of Sr to dental caries was found similar to that previously reported in man. Greatest reductions in decay were found with 50 mg Sr + 10mg F/l. The combination of Sr+F was superior than F alone for caries reductions.