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Permanent Deformation

Permanent deformation is the lack of recovery from deformation of an elastic impression or duplicating material compressed at a fixed strain, usually for 30 seconds. The method of testing is dscribed in American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association Specification nos. 11, 18, 19, 20 (ref. 73). The trend is to report percent recovery rather than permanent deformation. Therefore a material with a permanent deformation of 1% has a 99% recovery.

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                                              Permanent
Material                   Product         deformation(%)*   Ref.
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Bite registration 
  material                 Correct-Bite          0.7          155
Duplicating material
  Agar                     Nobiloid              2.4#          60
Impression materials
  Agar                     Surgident             1.8#          60
  Alginate, 6 min.         Jeltrate              2.2           27
  Polyether                Impregum F            1.10         156
                           Permadyne
                             light               1.52         156
                             heavy               1.70         156
                           Polyjel NF            0.99         156
  Polysulfide              Coeflex
                             light               4.13         156
                             medium              4.39         156
                             heavy               5.55         156
                           Permlastic
                             light               2.90         157
                             medium              2.28         157
                             heavy               2.81         157
  Silicone, addition       Absolute
                             light               0.26         156
                             medium              0.22         156
                             heavy               0.27         156
                             putty               0.40         156
                           Baysilex              0.17         156
                           Exaflex Hydrophilic
                             light               0.29         156
                             medium              0.43         156
                           Examix Hydrophilic
                             light               1.23         156
                             medium              0.63         156
                             monophase           0.14         155
                           Express Hydrophilic
                             light               0.42         156
                             medium              0.25         156
                             putty               0.51         156
                           Hydrosil              0.50         156
                           Imprint               0.41         156
                           Mirror 3 Extrude
                             light               0.23         156
                             medium              0.18         156
                             putty               0.30         156
                           Omnisil
                             light               0.17         156
                             medium              0.26         156
                             putty               0.35         156
                           Permagum
                             light               0.13         155
                             medium              0.11         155
                             heavy               0.12         155
                           President
                             light               0.05         156
                             medium              0.04         156
                             heavy               0.01         156
                             putty               0.24         156
                           Reprosil Hydrophilic
                             light               0.18         156
                             medium              0.16         156
                             heavy               0.15         156
                             putty               0.15         156
  Silicone, condensation   Coltex
                             light               1.18         156
                             medium              1.50         156
                           Coltoflax             1.41         156
                           CutterSil
                             light               1.20         155
                             medium              1.39         155
                           Elasticon
                             light               0.84         155
                             heavy               0.47         155
                           Rapid
                             light               1.73         155
                             putty               1.09         155
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* Fixed strain, 12%, for 30 sec.
# Tested for 1 min.

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Introduction to Biomaterials Properties | Biomaterials Properties Table Listing |
References (1-100) | References (101-200) | References (201-244) |

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Revised April, 1996
Biomaterials Properties Database, University of Michigan
Contact: Dr William J. O'Brien, Director (FAX: 313-647-5293).
Copyright © Quintessence Publishing, 1996.

http://www.lib.umich.edu/dentlib/Dental_tables/Permdef.html

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