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Percent Elongation (Ductility)

Elongation is the deformation that results from the application of a tensile force and is calculated as the change in length divided by the original length. It is usually measured over a 5-cm gauge length.
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                                           Percent elongation
                                            % in 5-cm gauge
Material                   Product               length      Ref.
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Cobalt-chromium alloys     Advantage*              3          198
                           Advantage#              4          198
                           Cobond*                 4          198
                           Cobond#                 3          198
                           Genesis II*             7          198
                           Genesis II#             6          198
                           Master Tec*             2          198
                           Master Tec#             3          198
                           Novarex*                2          198
                           Novarex#                1          198
                           Novarex II*             2          198
                           Novarex II#             2          198
                           Vi-Comp*                5          198
                           Vi-Comp#                4          198
                           Vitallium               1.5$        61
Denture liners (resilient)
  Polyphosphazene
    fluoroelastomer        Novus                 240          153
  Silicone                 Molloplast-B          325          153
Gold (999.9 fine)          Wilkinson Co.          60.1**       96
Gold alloys
  Type I                   Ney-Oro A              29.5          7
  Type II                  Ney-Oro A-1            32            7
  Type III, soft           Ney-Oro B-2            35            7
  Type III, hard           Ney-Oro B-2            34            7
  Type IV, soft            Ney-Oro G-3            24            7
  Type IV, hard            Ney-Oro G-3             6.5          7
  40% Au-Ag-Cu, soft       Forticast              18            9
  40% Au-Ag-Cu, hard       Forticast               3            9
  10-15% Au-Ag-Pd, soft    Paliney No. 4          17            7
  10-15% Au-Ag-Pd, hard    Paliney No. 4           7            7
  Au-Pd                    Olympia*                8          199
                           Olympia#               12          199
  Au-Pt-Pd                 TPW                     9.2        196
  Porcelain-fused-
    to-metal               Jelenko O               5            9
Impression material
  Alginate                 Krompan               38##          81
Iron-chromium alloys
  Crown-and-bridge         Dentillium C-B          8.5$        61
  Partial denture          Dentillium P-D          9.0$        61
Maxillofacial materials
  Polyurethane             Epithane-3            224$         210
  Silicone rubber          A 102                 130$         210
                           A-2186                480          154
                           Cosmesil              588          154
                           MDX 4-4210            438          154
                           Medical Adhesive A    304$         210
                           Silastic 4-4515       476$         210
Mouth protector materials
  Polyvinyl acetate-
   Polyethylene            Proform              1000          125
                           Sta-guard            1150          125
Nickel-chromium alloys     Ceramalloy II*          6          199
                           Ceramalloy II#         11          199
                           Micro-Bond N/P2*       29          199
                           Micro-Bond N/P2#       35          199
                           Ticon*                  4          199
                           Ticon#                 12          199
                           Unimetal               12.2        196
Palladium-based 
  dental alloys            Athenium               25$$        197
                           Liberty                20$$        197
                           Legacy                 20$$        197
                           Microstar*              6          199
                           Microstar#             18          199
                           Protocol               34$$        197
                           PTM-88                 25$$        197
                           Spartan*                2          199
                           Spartan#                9          199
                           W-1*                    6          199
                           W-1#                   10          199
Silver-palladium alloys
  Crown-and-bridge, soft   Albacast               10            9
  Crown-and-bridge, hard   Albacast                8            7
  Porcelain-fused-
    to-metal               Jel-5                  25            9
Titanium                                          13          131
Titanium, 6 Al, 4 V alloy                          5          131
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*   As cast
#   Heat treated.
$   Measured on 2.5-cm gauge length.
**  Measured on 0.64-cm gauge length.
##  Measured on 10-cm gauge length; head speed, 50 cm/min.
$$  Measured on 1.5-cm gauge length.

Introduction to Biomaterials Properties | Biomaterials Properties Table Listing |
References (1-100) | References (101-200) | References (201-244) |

Revised April, 1996
Biomaterials Properties Database, University of Michigan
Contact: Dr William J. O'Brien, Director (FAX: 313-647-5293).
Copyright © Quintessence Publishing, 1996.

http://www.lib.umich.edu/dentlib/Dental_tables/Perelong.html

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